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Beijing is a national historical and cultural city with a history of 3000 years. Beijing used to be the capital of Six Dynasties in history. In more than 2000 years since the state of Yan, many magnificent palace buildings have been built, making Beijing the city with the largest number of imperial palaces, gardens, temples and tombs and the richest content in China. Among them, the Imperial Palace in Beijing was called the Imperial Palace in the Ming Dynasty and the Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty. It used to be the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and lived in 24 emperors. The magnificent buildings perfectly reflect the traditional Chinese classical style and Oriental style. It is the largest existing palace in China and even the world, and is a precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The temple of heaven is famous both at home and abroad for its reasonable layout and exquisite construction
Siheyuan is the general name of the traditional northern houses with the main house, inverted seat house and east-west wing house around the middle courtyard. Beijing siheyuan, originated from the courtyard style houses of Yuan Dynasty, is the most important residential building in old Beijing. The narrow alleys between the green tile and grey brick quadrangles are the famous old Beijing Hutong.
The religious temples in Beijing are all over the capital. The existing famous ones are: Fayuan temple, Tanzhe Temple, Jietai Temple, Yunju temple, Badachu temple, etc. The White Cloud View of Taoism. Beijing Niujie worship Temple of Islam, etc. Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), such as the Yonghe temple, the Catholic Xishiku Catholic Church, Wangfujing Catholic Church, etc. There are many Christian churches, such as gangwa city church and Chongwenmen church.
The central axis of Beijing refers to the central axis of Beijing in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The urban planning of Beijing has the characteristics of symmetry with the palace city as the center. The central axis of Beijing starts from Yongdingmen in the South and ends at Zhonggulou in the north, about 7.8 km long. From south to north are Yongdingmen, Qianmen Jianlou, Zhengyangmen, Zhonghuamen, Tiananmen, Duanmen, Wumen, Forbidden City, shenwumen, Jingshan, Di'anmen, houmenqiao, Gulou and bell tower. From Yongdingmen, the south end of the central axis, there are Tiantan, xiannongtan, Taimiao, sheji altar, Donghuamen, xihuamen, Andingmen and Deshengmen, which are symmetrically distributed along the central axis. Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous Chinese architect, once said: "the unique magnificent order of Beijing is produced by the establishment of this central axis." Yongdingmen, Zhonghuamen and Di'anmen were demolished after the founding of the people's Republic of China. In recent years, Yongdingmen tower has been rebuilt.
北京是有着三千年历史的国家历史文化名城。北京在历史上曾为六朝都城，在从燕国起的2000多年里，建造了许多宏伟壮丽的宫廷建筑，使北京成为中国拥有帝王宫殿、园林、庙坛和陵墓数量最多，内容最丰富的城市。其中北京故宫，明朝时叫大内宫城，清朝时叫紫禁城，这里原为明、清两代的皇宫，住过24个皇帝，建筑宏伟壮观，完美地体现了中国传统的古典风格和东方格调，是中国乃至全世界现存最大的宫殿，是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产。天坛以其布局合理、构筑精妙而扬名中外，是明、清两代皇帝“祭天”
四合院是以正房、倒座房、东西厢房围绕中间庭院形成平面布局的北方传统住宅的统称。北京四合院源于元代院落式民居，是老北京城最主要的民居建筑。一座座青瓦灰砖的四合院之间形成的窄巷，就是著名的老北京胡同。
北京的宗教寺庙遍布京城，现存著名的有：佛教的法源寺、潭柘寺、戒台寺、云居寺、八大处等。道教的白云观等。伊斯兰教的北京牛街礼拜寺等。藏传佛教(喇嘛教)的雍和宫等，天主教西什库天主堂、王府井天主堂等。基督_的缸瓦市教堂、崇文门教堂等。
北京中轴线是指元、明、清时的北京城的中轴线，北京的城市规划具有以宫城为中心左右对称的特点。北京的中轴线南起永定门，北至钟鼓楼，长约7.8公里。从南往北依次为，永定门，前门箭楼，正阳门，中华门，天安门， 端门，午门，紫禁城，神武门，景山，地安门，后门桥，鼓楼和钟楼。从这条中轴线的南端永定门起，就有天坛、先农坛;太庙、社稷坛;东华门、西华门;安定门，德胜门以中轴线为轴对称分布。中国著名建筑大师梁思成先生曾经说：“北京的独有的壮美秩序就由这条中轴线的建立而产生。” 永定门、中华门、地安门都在中华人民共和国成立后被拆毁，而近年来又重新修建了永定门城楼。
