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第一篇：北京导游词英文版
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the Great Wall.
Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yale River in Leaning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China.
The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces――Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu and two autonomous regions――Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C.
during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu.
Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C.
Walls, then, was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments.
Later in 221 B.C.
The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368――1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks.
It is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today.
The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line.
The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average.
In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks.
The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors.
The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast.
Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals.
The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers.
The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven".
There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan.
Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.
Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast.
It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here.
It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911).
As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world.
The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world.
In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.
第二篇：北京导游词英文版
Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City.
This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves .
The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple “H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases.
The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.
The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406.
It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny.
The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty.
On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles.
These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits.
There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall.
The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.
There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here.
The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .
On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.
This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur.
In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor.
On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all.
The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace.
In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires.
In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats.
In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .
Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness.
Imagine the following scene.
Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland.
Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall.
When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played.
Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.
The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne.
At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .
He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”I don’t want to stay here.I want to go home.” His father tried to soothe him, saying, ”It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ”The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious.
Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.
This is a bronze incense burner.
In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions.
There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs.
On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire.
Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity.
This copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty.
It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification.
On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece.
The jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.
In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof.
The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height.
In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .
It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams.
In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform.
Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk .
The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan, cranes, and incense barrels.
The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals,which was considered a symbol of prosperity.
As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li in one day and knows all languages and dialects.
Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian .
The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .
The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold.
Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar.
Each brick was worth the market price of one dan of rice.
The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .
Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne.
Above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure.
In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals.
This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity.
The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs.
Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne.
Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .
In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair.
After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse.
It repaired and returned to the hall.
the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese.
They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc.
The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher.
They were kept full of water all year round.
During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure.
They were made of gilt bronze or iron.
Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality.
When the allied forces invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets.
During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vats were trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .
The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony.
It served as an antechamber.
The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple.
The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here.
The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.
this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials.
The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day.
Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level.
The national exam was presided over by the emperor.
The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty.
It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials.
During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system.
Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night.
This system was abolished in 1905.this is the largest stone carving in the palace .It is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .
It weighs about 200 tons.
The block was quarried in Fangshan County, roughly 70 kilometers away.
To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter.
Rolling blocks were used in the summer.
In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.
Note : From here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route, a central route or an eastern route .
The commentary for each follows.
第三篇：范文
大家上午好,欢迎大家来到风光秀丽的江北水城-----。 Good morning, welcome you to beautiful Jiangbei Shuicheng -----。 聊城。 Liaocheng. 孔子曰：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎? Confucius said: There are friends from afar? (对外省游客：山东民风纯厚，朴实无华，豪爽仗义的山东人热情欢迎各位嘉宾来此观光做客)首先做一下自我介绍…….今天能够担任大家的导游,我感到十分荣幸,希望我们共同度过一段轻松,愉快的时光。 (External province visitors: Shandong customs are simple and honest, unpretentious, bold and generous attempts Shandong people are very warm welcome to guests to appear on this tour) first introduced himself to do something ... .... Today, tour guides can take you, I am very honored and I hope our common spend a relaxed, enjoyable time.
聊城古称东昌府，位于山东省西部，黄河下游。 The old name for Dongchangfu Liaocheng, Shandong Province is located in the west, the Yellow River lower reaches. 总面积8715平方公里，人口566万。 A total area of 8715 square kilometers, population of 5.66 million. 聊城处于京九铁路与济邯铁路，济聊馆高速公路的交汇点上，是呼南应北，承东接西的重要交通枢纽，交通十分便利。 Liaocheng in the Beijing-Kowloon Railway and Jinan Han Railway, Ji-chat Hall on the intersection of highways, is call the South should be the north, linking the east with the west important transport hub, the traffic is very convenient. 从聊城一个小时可以到达济南国际机场，四小时到达青岛港，实现了一个小时上天，四个小时下海的'战略目标。 Liaocheng an hour can be reached from the Jinan International Airport, four hours to reach port of Qingdao to realize heaven for an hour, four-hour sea's strategic objectives.
聊城市内镶嵌着江北最大的城市内湖DD东昌湖。 Embedded within the Jiangbei Liaocheng city's largest lake - Lake Dongchang. 它始建于宋熙宁三年，就是1070年，共有八大湖区，水面面积6.3平方公里，略小于杭州西湖，是我国江北地区最大的城市内湖。 It was built in Song Xining three years, that is, in 1070, a total of eight lake, surface area of 6.3 square kilometers, slightly smaller than West Lake in Hangzhou is China's largest cities Jiangbei lake. 千顷湖水，晴如许，明如镜，景色秀丽，民间有“南有杭州西子秀，北有聊城胭脂美”的说法。 1000 ares lake, sunny, such as promise, bright as a mirror, beautiful scenery, people have "the south, Hangzhou West show, the north Liaocheng rouge beauty" argument. 湖水环绕着1平方公里的古城，古城中央耸立着巍峨的光岳楼，京杭大运河像一条玉带侧城，湖而过，形成了“城中有湖，湖中有城，城、湖、河三位一体”的独特格局。 1 square kilometer lake, surrounded by ancient city, the ancient city stands a towering central light Yue House, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, like a jade belt side of the city, lake and had formed a "city within a lake, there are city, town, lake, river trinity" a unique pattern.
第四篇：北京导游词英文版
Ladies and Gentlemen:
You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City.
Now I` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route.
The first is the Treasure Hall.
This mansion is called the Hall of Imperial Zenith.
This is where Sing Emperor Quailing lived after abdication.
Nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the Golden Hair Tower is one of the most famous.
This tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .
It was built under the order of Emperor Quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother.
There is also a “Day harnessing Water Jade Hill ” on display here.
Yu was a legendary monarch of the remote Ixia dynasty.
Under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the Yellow River.
This jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in China.
This mat was woven with peeled ivory.
These artifacts are among China` s rarest treasures.
this is the Nine-Dragon Relief Screen .
Erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width.
Underneath is a foundation made of marble .
The surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea.
It was meant to ward off evil spirits The ancient Chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea.
It was meant to ward off evil spirits .
The ancient Chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .
The 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles.
Interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood.
It is believe that when the Nine-dragon Screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .
Emperor Qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .
Using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection.
Later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.
Behind the Palace of Earthly Tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial Garden.
There are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .
It cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the Forbidden City.
Most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged .
However, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration.
Woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.
There main structure of the Imperial Garden is the Qin` an Hall.
Positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west.
The hall sits on a marble pedestal.
The Taoist deity of Zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis.
Taoist rites were held during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty.
In front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .
In all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines.
To the northwest of the hall , there is the Yanhui Pavilion and to the northeast there lies the Duixiu Hill.
This Hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed Guanhua Hall of the Ming Dynasty.
It is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province.
At its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth.
There are meandering paths leading to the hilltop.
At the top of Duixiu Hill sits the Yujing Pavilion.
Traditionally, On the day of the Double Ninth Festival , the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to Yujing Pavilion to enjoy the scenery.
At the southeastern corner of the Garden is Jiangxue Verandah.
Nearby to the southwest lies Yangxing Study .
The yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty.
The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi once studied English there.
In front of the Jiangxue Verandah some Chinese flowering crabapples grow.
The structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white.
In front of the Verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna Province under the order of Empress dowager Cixi.
In the northest is Chizao Tang , once used as a library where rare books were stored.
There are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .
The halls of Wanchun and Qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges.
The halls of Chengrui and Fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .
Paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.
The Imperial Garden can be accessed through the Qiong yuan West gate or the qiong yuan east gate.
A third gate, the shunzhenGate, opens to the north.
Its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.
As our tour of the Forbidden City draws to a close, I hope that I have helped you understand why the Palace is a treasure of China and one of the cultural relics of the world.
It is under the strict protection of the Chinese government.
Since 1949 when the people` s Rupublic of China was founded, nearly one trillion RMB was spent on its restoration and refurbishment.
The Forbidden City has undergone four major facelifts to date.
Each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics.
The Palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics.
Well, so much for today .
Let` s go to reboard the coach.
Thank you !
第五篇：题二故宫前朝中路太和门至保和殿
Entering the Meridian Gate, there are five marble bridges on the Inner Golden Water River, shaped like a bow. The five marble bridges just look like five arrows reporting symbolically to heaven. The five bridges were supposed to represent the five virtues preached by Confucius-benevolence, righteousness, rite, intelligence and fidelity.
Across the Inner Golden Water Bridge, we get to the Gate of Supreme Harmony. During the Ming and early Qing dynasties, here was the place where the emperor gave his audience, accepted documents from his ministers and made decisions here. There are two bronze lions guarding in front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony. The male lion was usually put on the left, playing with an embroidered design ball, which is said to show the emperor's supreme power. The other one on the right is the female lion, playing with a lion cub with its left paw symbolizing prosperity of the royal family's offsprings.
Across the Gate of Supreme Harmony , we come to the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Here the emperor held grand ceremonies such as the emperor's enthronement ceremony, the wedding ceremony, dispatched generals to the battles, and the emperor received the successful candidates of the imperial examination etc. Also, the emperor held grand feasts each year on New Year's Day, Winter solstice and his own birthday.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.5 meters high with double layered roof that represents the highest construction rank of all. Now, let's ascend the stairs and move on to look at articles in display on two sides of the hall. On the top layer of the terrace stands a sundial on the east an imperial grain measure on the west. The sundial is an ancient time measure or a time-measuring apparatus used in the old days. The sundial tells the time by seeing the shadow of the metal pin on the sundial, which has an inclination angle of 50 degrees with the graduation on it. The grain measure was used as the national standard measure in agriculture in the old days. Both the grain measure and the sundial were symbols of the emperor's justice and rectitude.
There are two pairs of incense burners in the shape of bronze dragon-headed tortoises and bronze cranes placed on each side. They are both symbols of longevity.
When you look up the building in the Forbidden City, you can see mythical animal statues on the eaves of each building. Originally, there used to be big wooden nails on the roof to prevent the tiles from sliding down. Later they were replaced by glazed tiles, which were shaped into mythical animal statues for better beautification. They are symbols of auspiciousness and peace, and people believed that they are capable of subduing fire and warding off evil spirits.
Inside of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, you can see the gilded caisson ceiling high above the throne with a magnificent sculpture of a curling dragon playing with a huge pear was called “Xuanyuan Jing”， representing orthodox succession.
This hall is supported by 72 giant columns inside. In the old days, the traditional way of the Chinese to calculate a “room” is that: a square enclosed by four pillars was treated as one “room”， so the hall can be said to have 55 “rooms” in total. The six columns inside are gilded and painted with coiled dragon amidst clouds, and the rest are painted red.
The emperor's throne is placed on the dais in the center, and carved in cloud and dragon patterns and gilded. On both sides of the throne are a pair of elephant-shaped incense burners symbolize universal peace and two incense burners shaped as a mythical animal 9,000 kilometers per day and speaking all the languages of nearby kingdoms. Around the throne stand a pair of bronze cranes and in front of the dais is four cloisonné incense burners. The floor on the ground is paved with “Gold Bricks”， specially made in Suzhou.
The Hall of Middle Harmony is a square-shaped hall with a single pyramidic roof standing behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony. This was the place where the emperor would take a short rest before he went to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for grand ceremonies. Every year before the emperor went to the Altars and Temples, the emperor would receive and read the sacrificial address here.
Before the emperor went to the Altar of Agriculture for offering the sacrifice, the seeds intended for spring sowing and the ploughs were examined here, just to show the concern of the emperor for agriculture.
According to the rule, the imperial genealogy should be revised every ten years. The ceremony of presenting the genealogy to the emperor for revision and approval would also be held here.
Now, we come to the Hall of Preserving Harmony, the last of the three front halls.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, on each New Year's Eve and the 15th day of the lunar moth, banquets would be held to entertain the civil and military officials and the princes and envoys of the Mongolian nobles and other nationalities. To celebrate the princess's marriage, the emperor would incite the bridegroom and his father as well as their relatives who served for the imperial government to a banquet.
The Imperial Palace Exam was held here once every three years in the Qing dynasty.
Just behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony, there is a big Marble Rampcarved with mountain cliffs, sea waves, clouds and nine dragons. It is 16.57 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick, and weighs about 250 tons.
