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第一篇：北京孔庙英文导游词
各位佳宾：
《论语》上面开篇有一句话叫"有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎"。那么我就以孔子的这句名言，热烈地欢迎您来孔子的故乡曲阜参观游览。下面，就由我陪同各位游览并进行导游服务，非常感谢您的合作，并衷心地希望您对我的工作多提出批评意见。
在来曲阜之前，许多朋友可能已对曲阜和孔子有了不少的了解，但也有的朋友知道的并不十分详细，现在，我就在进入景点之前，先把曲阜和孔子的情况简要介绍一下。
曲阜位于中国山东省西南部，现有人中62万其中城区人口10万，面积约890平方公里。"曲阜"二字始见于《尔雅》一书，东汉应邵解释说：鲁城中有阜，委曲长七八里，故名"曲阜"。宋真宗大中祥符5年，也就是公元1020xx年，为了纪念中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝出生在曲阜，曾一度改名"仙源"县，金太宗天会7年(公元1120xx年)，又复名曲阜，沿用至今。曲阜是一个小城，然而，曲阜又是一座有着五千年文明史的文化古城，在这片神圣而又古老的土地上，中国远古传说中的三皇五帝，竟有四人在这里留下了踪迹。据《史记》、《帝王世纪》等史书记载："黄帝生于寿丘"，"少昊自穷桑登帝位，称都曲阜，崩葬云阳山"，现在曲阜城东8里，仍留下座金字塔式的坟墓--少昊陵。中国有句俗话说道"人往高处走，水往低处流"，我们是不是可以理解为我们中华民族的祖先从这里，从黄河中下游向中原，向黄土高原迁徙的过程，而我们的母亲之河，黄河、长江，从黄土高原之上奔腾而下，一泻千里，最后汇入大海呢!中国还有句古话叫"江南出才子，江北出圣人"，实际上，江北的圣人几乎全出自曲阜。在中国封建时代，受到皇帝赐封的圣人一共有6位，他们分别为至圣孔子、亚圣孟子、复圣颜子、述圣子思、宗圣曾子、元圣周公，头4位都出生在曲阜，后两位一位是孔子的弟子，一位是封地在曲阜，周公的后世33代曾在鲁国为国君，至今山东称鲁，即起于此。现在曲阜地上地下文物众多，文化灿烂，有国家级文物古迹4处，省级11处，市级100余处。1982年曲阜被国务院公布为全国首批24个历史文化名城之一，1994年曲阜"三孔"被联合国正式列为世界文化遗产。由于曲阜对东方文化的重要贡献，不少人称曲阜为世界三大圣城之一："东方的麦加"。在这里，您不得不沉思，也不能不感奋，因为这里深扎着中华民族的根，深扎着中国传统文化的根。
各位朋友，在中国，在东方这片有着五千年文明历史的土地上，你也许读不懂青铜器上的铭文，也许不理解人头兽身表现什么，象征什么。但是，当你走进中国人民的生活，行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造的古老土地上，你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来的儒家文化的气息，你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同的生活方式、风土人情和理想道德的差异。无论你从哪个角度，哪个层次去探究中华民族的个性与品格，都不难发现儒家文化的基因，在漫长的历史演进过程中，儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化的代名词。而儒家文化的创始人，就是孔子。
孔子，春秋时代鲁国人，也就是曲阜人，名丘，字仲尼，生于公元前551年，死于公元前479年，享年73岁。孔子3岁时，父亲叔梁纥去世，16岁时，母亲颜征在去世，少年孔子成了孤儿，开始了他在等级森严的封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗的一生。
孔子少年发奋自学，勤而好问，青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉的礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺，进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经的内容，为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。
孔子30岁设学授徒，开始了漫长的教育生涯，他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众，提倡"有教无类"之风，成为中国第一位，也是世界上第一位伟大的教育家。
孔子51岁时，才做了中都县令，后来曾在鲁摄相事，然而时间不长，他便辞了官，离开鲁国开始了他长达20xx年的周游列国之行。
孔子在68岁时回到鲁国，他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上，一直到死。孔子的一生是颠沛流离，饱经忧患的一生，是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发的一生，是春风化雨，培育英才的一生，是著书立说，济时救世的一生。如今，他的躯体虽已灰飞烟灭，但他的思想，却潜入每个东方人的心灵，他熔铸了中华民族的个性和品格，随着历史的发展和社会的进步，孔子还将引导着人类，跨向21世纪。
曲阜的文物古迹和旅游景点很多，大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外，城门的北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一的孔庙。城门的正上方有"万仞宫墙"4个大字。"仞"是古代的长度单位，一仞约等于8尺。据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说："人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，人们一看便会看见墙内的一切，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍的多种多样"。后人为表达对孔子的敬仰，明代胡缵宗就写了"万仞宫墙"4个字镶在城门上，清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，又把胡碑取下，换上了自己写的"万仞宫墙"4个大字。这就是"万仞宫墙"的来历。
孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建的庙宇，始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327.5亩，仿皇宫之制，分九进院落，左右对称排列，整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间，南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽，面积之大，历史之久，保存之完整，是世界建筑史上的唯一孤例。
孔庙大门东墙外面有"官员人等至此下马"的碑刻，过去，任何官员至此，武官要下马，文官要下轿，以表示对孔子的尊重。
第二篇：孔庙导游词
孔庙位于山东省曲阜市南门内，是第一座祭祀孔子的庙宇。初建于公元前478年，以孔子的故居为庙，以皇宫的规格而建，是我国三大古建筑群之一，在世界建筑史上占有重要地位。
曲阜孔庙是祭祀孔子的本庙，是分布在中国、日本、越南等国家2000多座孔子庙的先河和范本，据称孔庙始建于公元前478年，孔子死后第二年，鲁哀公将其故宅改建为庙。此后历代帝王不断加封孔子，扩建庙宇，到清代，雍正帝下令大修，扩建成现代规模。
孔庙前为神道，两侧栽植桧柏，创造出庄严肃穆的气氛；庙的主体贯穿在一条中轴线上，左右对称。前后九进院落，前三进是引导性庭院，只有一些尺度较小的门坊，院内遍植成行的松柏。座座门坊高揭的.额匾，极力赞颂孔子的功绩。第四进以后庭院，黄瓦、红墙、绿树，交相辉映，而供奉儒家贤达的东西两庑，分别长166米。
孔庙内的圣迹殿、十三碑亭及大成殿东西两庑，陈列着大量碑碣石刻，特别是这里保存的汉碑，在全国是数量最多的，历代碑刻亦不乏珍品，其碑刻之多仅次西安碑林，所以它有我国第二碑林之称。孔庙是中国现存规模仅次于故宫的古建筑群，是中国三大古建筑群之一，堪称中国古代大型祠庙建筑的典范。
第三篇：曲阜三孔英文导游词
女士们，先生们:大家好!欢迎来到曲阜。曲阜是中国古代伟大的思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的故乡。它是中国首批24个历史文化名城之一。孔子有句名言:“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我很高兴成为你们的导游。我会尽力为您提供满意的服务，不足之处，敬请批评指正。
在参观“三空”之前，请允许我介绍一下曲阜的概况。
曲阜位于山东中山区与山东西南平原交界处，北临泰山，南临沂蒙山，东临连邑县，西临黔楚平原。地势东高西低。四河和一河自东向西流。自古以来，就有“圣人门前的死水”的说法。产品丰富，景色宜人。李白，一位伟大的诗人，曾形容曲阜“笑死者意味着绝望的环境，风景是绿色的和蓝色的”。
曲阜历史悠久。早在五六千年前，我们的祖先就在这里繁衍生息，创造了人类早期文明。在众多的古籍中，炎帝和邵武迁移到曲阜。黄帝出生在寿秋(曲阜以东8英里)，顺在寿秋被记载为史记。可见，中国古代影响最大的三位皇帝和五位皇帝中有四位在曲阜留下了足迹。虽然这是一个传说，但并不是没有根据的。从境内保存的20多处大汶口、龙山文化遗址中，我们仍能看到祖先征服自然的遗迹。曲阜最早见于礼记。东汉应县解释说:“鹿城的东边有赋，渭河有七八英里长，所以叫曲阜。”商朝初期，曲阜是商朝著名的属地，是商朝的重要属地。周朝时，曲阜是鲁国的首都，已有800多年历史，是当时中国重要的政治、经济和文化中心。春秋时期，孔子开创了私人讲座的形式。“三千弟子，七十二圣人”遍布全国，成为当时的教育中心。鲁国是曲阜历史上的黄金时期。它在世界上被称为“礼仪之邦”。因此，山东省仍然使用“陆”作为其缩写。在公元前249年西汉鲁国的都城，秦朝属薛县，魏晋南北朝为鲁国所辖。隋炀帝十六年(596年)，曲阜首次被命名为县。宋代改称咸源县，晋代恢复曲阜县的名称。1986年，县制撤销后，曲阜被称为曲阜市。它占地890平方公里，人口60多万。曲阜历史悠久，文化灿烂，留下了大量的文物古迹，主要有110处。其中，孔庙遗址、孔府遗址、孔林遗址、鲁国古城遗址等被列为首批全国重点文物保护单位，11处被列为全省重点文物保护单位。1994年，“三公”被联合国列为世界文化遗产。
第四篇：北京孔庙英文导游词
北京安定门内有条国子监街，又名成贤街。这条街共有4座原汁原味的清代一间式彩绘木牌楼，是北京保留牌楼最多最完整的一条街。街道两旁槐树成行，浓荫蔽日，槐花飘香。北京孔庙就坐落在这条街的东端。
北京孔庙始建于元大德六年(公元1320xx年)，元大德十年(公元1320xx年)建成，初具规模。明嘉靖九年(公元1530年)建崇圣祠，用于供奉孔子五代先人。清光绪三十二年(公元)扩建大成殿，孔庙始成今日的规模。整座孔庙分三进院落，占地约220xx平方米，采用了主体建筑沿中轴线分布，左右对称的中国传统建筑布局。在700多年的漫长历史中，这里成为元、明、清三代统治者尊孔崇儒，宣扬教化，主兴文脉的圣地，也成为众多志在功名的读书人顶礼膜拜的殿堂。这组比故宫还年代久远的皇家古建筑浓缩了千年儒家文化精髓，凝固了一段数百年的漫漫科举之路。徜徉在古柏参天、石碑林立、崇基高堂的孔庙里，远离都市的喧闹，触摸历史、文化的脉搏，泊的心去感受中华传统文化的博大精深，实在是件雅事。
北京孔庙主体建筑都覆以黄色琉璃瓦，是封建社会的最高建筑规制。整座孔庙建筑布局科学，规模宏大，凸显皇家气派。 先师门(又称棂星门)是孔庙的大门，面阔三间，进深七檩，单檐歇山顶，基本上保留了元代的建筑风格，先师门两侧连接庙宇的外围墙，犹如一座城门。进入先师门，迎面看到的便是大成门。 中心院落御道的西侧有口古井。由青石板组成的花瓣形井台，石质井圈。由于坐落在德胜门、安定门内一带水线上，当年井水常溢到井口，水质清纯甘冽，相传进京赶考的举人们在拜谒孔子后都要饮一下井中圣水，据说饮后能文思泉涌，妙笔生花，写出一手好文章。而用井水磨墨，写出的字墨香四溢，笔劲流畅。故乾隆帝赐名“砚水湖”。虽然现在井中水位很低，也没有人饮用，但这口井雅致大气的名字及动人的传说，为孔庙增添了几分文采。
第五篇：南京夫子庙导游词英语
Hello, everyone! Welcome to Nanjing Confucius Temple. The Confucius Temple is located on the Bank of Qinhuai River in the south of the city. It is a historic site and tourist attraction that Nanjing people are proud of. It is a prosperous place where culture, commerce, sightseeing center and Temple market are integrated.
Confucius Temple, also known as Confucius Temple and Confucian temple, is a place to offer sacrifices to Confucius, a famous educator and thinker in China. Confucius was honored as Confucius in ancient times, so his temple is commonly known as "Confucius Temple". Due to the orthodox status of Confucianism, its founder Confucius was highly respected by the rulers and scholars of feudal society. There were more than one Confucius temples all over the country. As a place for feudal scholars to worship, Confucius Temple is mostly arranged together with educational facilities (such as school palace, Gong Yuan, etc.), that is, the so-called temple is attached to school, usually in front or on one side of the school palace.
Historically, there were three Confucius temples in the urban area of Nanjing, one in the compound of the current municipal government and the other in the Chaotian Palace. Now we are going to visit the third and most famous place. It was moved from Chaotian Palace in the first year of Jingyou of Song Dynasty (1034). At first, it was Jiankang school, Jiqing road school in Yuan Dynasty, Guoxue in Ming Dynasty, yingtianfu school in Qing Dynasty, and Jiangning school and Shangyuan school in Qing Dynasty. It was destroyed in the Xianfeng Period, rebuilt in the Tongzhi period (1869), and burned by the Japanese during the Anti Japanese war. The existing Confucius Temple was rebuilt in the early 1980s. It uses the former temple and the later school, Confucius Temple in the front and the Academy in the back, and the later Gong Yuan is arranged on the left side of the Academy. Therefore, the relatively complete pattern of Confucius Temple in Nanjing includes three parts, namely, Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. The North-South central axis with Dacheng hall as the center and the main buildings on both sides and the Jiangnan Gongyuan exhibition hall with Mingyuan building as the center have become the main tourist spots in the Confucius Temple area.
Due to its long history and convenient water transportation, Confucius Temple area has become a famous "beautiful place" and a place where celebrities live in ancient Nanjing before the appearance of Confucius Temple. Therefore, in addition to the main scenic spots mentioned above, there are also scenic spots such as Wu Jingzi's former residence, ancient taoyedu, Cuiyuan, one hundred year old shop Street, wendeqiao, Wang Xie's former residence, Wuyi lane, meixianglou, etc.
Now we are standing at the starting point of the central axis of Confucius Temple - Confucius Temple Square. Looking around, there are panchi, Zhaobi and mufang in the south, Juxing Pavilion, KuiGuang Pavilion and business district in the East and West, Dacheng hall in the central axis and the East and West cities on the East and west sides of Confucius Temple in the north, which form the unique atmosphere of Confucius Temple area different from other cities, that is, the pattern of Temple market integration in history.
Look at the river in front of the square. It's called Qinhuai River. It's the mother river of Nanjing people. It's 110 kilometers long and gave birth to the early Nanjing civilization. The section that flows through the square is a part of the Inner Qinhuai River. When the temple was built, it was transformed into panchi, named after the water flowing through the Confucius Temple in Qufu. A red wall on the south bank is a large screen wall built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1575). It is 110 meters long and majestic. It is the largest screen wall in China. Zhaobi played a role of shelter and decoration, which was the beginning of the whole Confucius Temple complex. The stone railings on the North Bank of panchi were built in Zhengde (1514) of the Ming Dynasty. After many vicissitudes, they became the only best preserved ancient architectural sketch in the Confucius Temple complex, which had been repaired before the Anti Japanese war. Here, visitors take a rest on the fence and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Qinhuai.
The Wende bridge on the west side of panchi is now hanbaiyu bridge. It got its name from the Confucian school's advocacy of article morality. Because the direction of the bridge is the same as that of the meridian, every November 15 of the lunar calendar, when the bright moon is in the sky and you look down from the railing, you can see the shadow of the bridge on both sides of the bridge. The bright moon in the river is divided into two and a half months, which is called "Wen de Fen Yue". Wu Jingzi recorded it in his book scholars. If you have a chance, you might as well come to Wende bridge on November 15 of the lunar calendar to have a look.
A group of Hui style buildings at the entrance of South Wuyi lane of wendeqiao is called "Wangxie ancient residence". As the settlement area of Wang Xie and Wang Xie in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it has a great influence, especially the verses of Wu Yi Xiang, the famous work of Liu Yuxi in Tang Dynasty, which makes Wu Yi Xiang and Wang Xie's former residence very famous, and now it is "the historical and cultural exhibition Hall of Six Dynasties in Nanjing." You can visit it when you have time.
Now, to the north of the stone column is the newly rebuilt Tianxia Wenshu square, which indicates that it is the cultural center of Tianxia. Three doors and four pillars, quite spectacular. In ancient times, it corresponded to the Lingxing gate at the back, which was used for the emperors to go on a pilgrimage to worship Confucius. The high gate square in the middle was the royal road where the emperor was lucky to come. It was used for the princes of the county to go in and out. The ordinary officials and subjects could not pass through, so it was usually closed with wooden fences.
The star gathering Pavilion on the west side of the square in front of the temple has a hexagonal cornice, which is simple and elegant. It looks like a two-layer structure with double cornices on the outside. In fact, it has only one floor. The name of the pavilion is the gathering of stars and talents. In the East, the small courtyard facing the water is KuiGuang Pavilion. The Kuixing Pavilion in the pavilion has three floors and six sides, and faces Qinhuai River. The scenery is unique. In ancient times, there was a saying of "Kui Zhu Wen". Kuixing, or Kuixing, is a sign of prosperity of the literary movement and a symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. Therefore, Kuixing was regarded as a God by the students of the past dynasties. KuiGuang Pavilion and Juxing Pavilion look at each other from the east to the west, echoing each other and integrating into one.
The stone square gate in the north of the square in front of the temple is the first gate of the Confucius Temple - Lingxing gate, with six columns and three gates. It is simple and beautiful, and the lintel in the middle is engraved with the seal character "Lingxing gate". Lingxing is the "Wenxing" in ancient astronomy. The reason why it is named is to show that scholars in the world gather here. The brick relief inlaid with peony pattern between the three doors is exquisitely carved and gorgeous. The top of the stone column is made of cloud plate, which means Huabiao, as a sign. This is the gate for the emperor to worship Confucius.
After passing the Lingxing gate, we came to the Dacheng gate of Dacheng hall.
Dachengmen, also known as Jimen, is the main gate of Confucius Temple, with Zhijing gate on both sides. In feudal times, only officials could get in and out of dachengmen, while ordinary scholars could only get in and out from other doors. Entering the gate, there are four ancient steles on the left and right: in the East, there are the stele of fengzhisheng's wife in 1331, the remnant stele of Jiqing Confucius Temple in 1330, and the stele of kongyuwenli in 484, which was moved by the municipal government. This book is based on the picture stele of Confucius asking for rites.
On both sides of the courtyard and corridor are arranged eight of Confucius' twelve students, namely min sang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duan Muzi, ran Yong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan and Zhong you. They are all carved from white jade of Han Dynasty. They are very devout and lifelike.
Looking forward, the platform in front of the Dacheng hall is Danlong, commonly known as the terrace. It is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters wide from east to west, and 14.0 meters long from north to south. It is surrounded by stone railings, 24 cloud looking pillars, and stone lanterns are set at the two corners of the platform. This terrace is used for sacrifice, singing and dancing. The statue of Kongyu in the middle of the terrace is particularly eye-catching. It's made of bronze, 4.18 meters long and weighs 37 tons. It's exquisitely made, lifelike, full-bodied, with a kind and deep face. The eyebrows reveal the wisdom of a great thinker and leave a very deep impression on people. On both sides of the terrace, there were two verandas, which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages in Confucius' gate and to store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now it is reduced to a small two veranda and changed into a stele gallery. There are more than 30 steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi, which are displayed for tourists to enjoy.
At the end of the terrace is the majestic main hall of Confucius Temple Dacheng hall, which is 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. It is an antique building on the top of chongcaoxie mountain. Under the eaves of the front, there is a sea blue vertical plaque, which reads "Dacheng hall". Confucius is the most sage and forerunner of Dacheng, and Dacheng refers to Confucius. The word "Dacheng" comes from "notes. Learning notes", which is the highest level of learning. It can also be seen in Mencius wanzhang. "Confucius is the sage of time. Confucius called it jidacheng. " There is a beautiful standing sculpture of "double dragons playing with pearls" in the bird's kiss on the roof, which is the first of its kind in China; The light and beautiful tendency of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from the magnificent tendency of the yellow glazed tiles used in the roof of the northern Confucius Temple. It is more easygoing and popular. This is also one of the performances of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to popular culture, or "do as the Romans do". The whole building is magnificent with double eaves, crisscross brackets, seven couplets in the hall, 26 wooden columns in the corridor, 16 lattice doors in the front and back, and purlins in the inner hall. In the center of the hall, there is a 6.5-meter-high and 3.5-meter-wide portrait of Confucius, the largest in China. On the front two sides of the portrait, there are another four of the 12 students, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen and Yanhui. In front of the portrait, there are also ancient musical instruments such as Gong, Qin, wokonghou, chime, Bianzhong, guzheng and drum.
38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life stories are hung on the surrounding walls, which are called "Confucius' holy trace". They are made of inner jade from Zhejiang, Fujian, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Qinghai, Guangxi, Guangdong and other provinces (regions), famous crystals from jixueleng, Shoushan stone, feicuilv, zhoucunleng and precious jewelry such as gold, jewelry, Luodian, etc. by 2oo craftsmen in Yueqing, Zhejiang Province. It takes three years The total investment is 5.8 million yuan. The picture adopts the Chinese classical panoramic composition method, supplemented by the detailed description of textual research, with fine workmanship, natural color, rich three-dimensional sense, giving people a sense of lifelike magic. Each sheet is 2.5 meters high and 1.3 meters wide. There are 408 figures in the painting. The shape is natural and lifelike. The 38 murals are the picture of the holy trace, the preface to the title, the prayer of Nishan, the Qilin Yushu, the Erlong Wulao, the Juntian Shengjiang, the zudou Xueli, the functionary commissar, the name Rongfu, the functionary Chengtian, the questioner Laofu, Wenshao in Qi, Yan Yingju Feng in Yan, the retreat of Shishu, Jiagu Huiqi, returning to Tian xiegouo, zhushaozhengmao; the female music Wenma, and Yingu Qulu. Help people out. In Song Dynasty, people felled trees, attacked the Falcon, struck the chime by Shiwei, learned to play Qin by Xiang, drove back to Xihe, asked linggong about Chen, Zilu about Jin, in chenjueliang, zixijufeng, songqiuling, Xingtan ritual music, kneeling by Chihong, Xishou Huolin, Mengdian Liangying, Zhiren biegui, Han Gaosi to Lu. This is just like the couplet in the temple, which says that "Qi Bei Si Shi Xing heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, sun and moon are in accordance with their virtue; teach the world to follow Yao, Shun, Yu and Tang Wenwu as teachers". The truth is that "the Tao of heaven and earth runs through the ancient and modern times, and the six classics are deleted and listed in the Constitution for all ages.".
From the north gate of Dacheng hall, you can enter Xuegong district through Dongshi.
Dongshi and Xishi have been changed from the East and West passageways which used to enter and leave the academy to the places where the ships can sell goods on the Qinhuai River. Now they have become the most distinctive places for arts and crafts, cultural goods sales and cultural activities in the Confucius Temple area.
The school palace was a place to cultivate talents in feudal times. There were different levels, such as county school, government school (road school, state school, etc.) and national school. They were all adjacent to Confucius Temple, which showed the orthodox status of Confucianism in building the country and cultivating self. The school palace includes Mingde hall, Zunjing Pavilion, Jingyi Pavilion, Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Entering the gate of the school is the ancient Mingde hall. It is a place for scholars to listen to their tutors' preaching of holy teachings and instructions (ethics and government decrees) after their monthly pilgrimage to the sun (i.e. Confucius), so as to cultivate their loyalty and patriotism. As for the name of mingdetang, some tourists may ask that there is only "Minglun hall" in the Confucius Temple complex. Why Nanjing Confucius Temple is an exception, which is called "mingdetang"? Indeed, in Nanjing Confucius Temple, mingdetang was originally also called "Minglun hall". It was just Wen Tianxiang, the Prime Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, who was imprisoned when the yuan army was about to conquer Nanjing, in order to show that he would rather die than surrender He changed "Ming Lun Tang" into "Ming De Tang" in order to show his loyalty to the country and serve the people. Zunjing Pavilion, built in the middle of Ming Dynasty, is 18.7 meters high, with double eaves and T-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. It is an extraordinary Hall for storing Confucian classics and teaching lectures. It is now an exhibition hall of folk customs. Standing side by side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Zunjing academy is divided into two sides behind Zunjing Pavilion. In the Qing Dynasty, Qingyun building was changed into a library, and Zunjing Academy was used as a lecture center, which is equivalent to the classroom now. The small highland behind the Zunjing Pavilion, called Weishan, has a Jingyi Pavilion. All Confucian temples in the world have Jingyi Pavilion. It began in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. In the pavilion, the emperor's motto of "Jingyi Zhen" was set up as the motto of the students. The so-called "respect one" is the dedication to Confucianism.
After touring the Academy, walk tens of meters to the East past Gongyuan West Street, which is Jiangnan Gongyuan. During this period of time, I would like to introduce to you some other information about the Confucius Temple. In addition to the buildings of Confucius Temple, there are more noticeable folk customs, characteristic markets and snacks in the area.
Dear friends, this is the end of the tour of Confucius Temple. Thank you for your support and cooperation!
第六篇：北京孔庙英文导游词
各位游客朋友，现在我们看到的是北京孔庙。孔庙又称文庙、先师庙，是祭祀孔子的圣庙。在中国，孔庙遍布各地，但孔氏家庙全国仅有两处，一个在山东曲阜，一个在浙江衢州，而坐落在北京东城区安定门内的北京孔庙规格最高，是元、明、清三朝皇帝举行国家祭孔的场所。
各位朋友，我们现在看到的是先师门，又称棂星门，'是孔庙的大门，61面阔3间，进深7檩，单檐歇山顶，基本上保留了元代的建筑风格。进人先师门，迎面看到的便是大成门。大成门创建于元代，清代重修，面阔5间，进深9檩，单檐歇山顶。整座建筑坐落在高大的砖石台基上，中间的御路石上{浮雕海水龙纹图样，五龙戏珠，栩栩如生。大成门前廊两侧摆放着10枚石鼓，每枚石鼓的鼓面上都篆刻一首上古游猎诗。这是清乾隆时仿周宣王时代的石鼓遗物刻制的。
各位游客朋友，我们现在到了第一进院落，这里是皇帝祭孔前筹备各项事宜的场所，其东侧设有宰牲亭、井亭、神厨，用于祭孔三牲的宰杀、清洗和烹制。两侧有神库、致斋所，用于祭孔礼器的存放和供品的备制。第二进院落是孔庙的中心院落，每逢祭孔大典，这里便钟鼓齐鸣，乐舞升平，仪仗威严。大成殿是第二进院落的主体建筑，也是整座孔庙的中心建筑，是孔庙内最神圣的殿堂。大成殿始建于大德六年，后毁于战火，明永乐九年重建，清光绪三十二年将殿由7间扩建为9间。殿内金砖铺地，内顶施团龙井口天花，其规制是最高建筑等级，堪与故宫太和殿媲美。殿中供奉孔子“大成至圣文宣王”木牌位，神位两边设有配享的“四配十二哲”牌位。神位前置祭案，上设尊、爵、卣、笾、豆等祭器均为清乾隆时的御制真品。大殿内外高悬清康熙至宣统9位皇帝的御匾，均是皇帝亲书的对孔子的四字赞语，是极其珍贵的文物。
各位游客朋友，我们现在来到了孔庙的第三进院落，这是最具特色院落，是由崇圣门、崇圣殿和东西配殿组成的独立完整的院落，与前二进院落分割明显而又过渡自然，反映出古人在建筑布局上的巧妙构思。各位请看这组建筑，它叫崇圣殿，是祭祀孔子五代先祖的家庙，建于明嘉靖九年，清乾隆二年重修，并将灰瓦顶改为绿琉璃瓦顶。崇圣殿又称五代祠，面阔5间，进深7檩，殿前建有宽大的月台，月台三面建有垂带踏步各十级。殿内供奉孔子五代先人的牌位及配享的颜回、孔场⒃巍⒚祥鹚奈幌日苤傅呐莆弧６髋涞钭湓谧┦希胬3间，进深5檩，单檐悬山顶，内奉程颐、程颢兄弟、张载、蔡沈、周敦颐、朱熹6位先儒之父。各位朋友，孔庙的三进院落及其建筑有明确的建筑等级差别和功能区域划分，和谐统一地组成一整套皇家祭祀性建筑群落，是我国古代建筑的杰出代表。
各位游客朋友，我们现在来到了北京国子监，它位于国子监街(原名成贤街)，与孔庙相邻。各位请看，这是集贤门，是国子监的大门，门内院子东西设有井亭，东侧的持敬门与孔庙相通。进入国子监的第二门一太学门，就是国子监的第二进院落，里面有琉璃牌坊，辟雍和彝伦堂。前方就是国子监土门内大型琉璃坊牌坊，它是北京唯一一座专门为教育而设立的牌坊。正反两面横额均为皇帝御题，是中国古代崇文重教的象征。位于集贤门内，是三间四柱七楼庑殿顶式琉璃牌坊，建于乾隆四十八年(公元1783年)，牌坊正面额书“圆桥教泽”，阴面为“学海节观”，彩画华美，是北京唯一不属于寺院的琉璃牌坊。
各位游客朋友，现在我们看到的建筑叫辟雍，它是国子监的中心建筑，建于中轴线中心一座圆形水池中央的四方高台上，是一座方型重檐攒尖顶殿宇。四面开门，设台阶六级。辟雍周围环绕着长廊，四面架设精致的小桥横跨水池，使殿宇与院落相通，这种建筑形制象征着天圆地方。乾隆皇帝之后，每逢新帝即位，都要来此做一次讲学，以示中央政府对高等教育的重视。
各位游客朋友，现在大家跟我往后面走，后面就是敬一亭，它位于在彝伦堂之后，是国子监的第三进院落，建于明嘉靖七年，设有祭酒厢房、司业厢房和七座御制圣谕碑，是国子监祭酒办公的场所。大家看我手指的方向，在孔庙与国子监之间的夹道内，有一处由189块{大石碑组成的碑林，石碑上篆刻着儒家经典。这部石经的蓝本是雍正年间的江苏金坛贡生蒋衡历时20xx年手书而成。乾隆五十六年(公元1791年)下旨刻石立碑。全部石经共计63万余字，规模宏大，楷法工整，内容的准确性和刻制的精美度都优于西安的“开成石经”，而在规模上也是仅次于西安碑林的全国第二大碑林。
