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第一篇：北京景点英文导游词故宫
Dear visitors, everybody!
Welcome to Beijing, my name is fang fang, you can call our guide.
Today I will lead you to visit the Forbidden City, which is famous all over the world, I hope we can spend a happy time.
The imperial palace is the largest and most complete imperial palace in China, is the most magnificent ancient architectural complex in the world, has a history of nearly 600 years.
The Forbidden City is China's Ming and qing dynasties 24 of the emperor's palace, the palace construction layout can be divided into the outer court and the imperial palace.
The outer court is the place where the emperor held a ceremony and summoned the minister.
Which building is the hall of supreme harmony, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, the three main halls of the mandarin house and hall of martial valor is divided on both sides.
Imperial palace is the emperor to handle daily affairs and the harem concubines and young prince live, play, in the place of god.
The Forbidden City, a total of more than 9000 rooms, with a house, most magnificent majesty.
The Forbidden City is China's ancient architecture masters and skillful craftsman is special the crystallization of technology and rich alike.
Such as: 72 pillars in the hall of supreme harmony, including six pillar is plated with gold, with golden dragon coiled.
Through the railing into the hall look, you will see in a glorious temple.
Is gilded throne, armrest is silver plated, four incense burner is made of wood, it's gorgeous.
After the hall of supreme harmony is zhonghe palace, zhonghe palace is the place where the emperor rest.
The most let you amazing is confirmed and behind a piece of stone.
Stone 16.
57 meters long, 3.
07 meters wide, 1.
7 meters thick, more than 200 tons.
Vulture on the rough sea, walking on dragons.
The Palace Museum truly was China's valuable cultural heritage!
Now I'll give you two hours of free time to visit.
Please the face of these cultural relics left behind by our ancestors, to cherish all the more, be careful, don't damage, you can use the camera according to their favorite part.
And, in addition to the photos, you don't take anything, besides, you don't leave anything.
We should get back, hope you like Beijing, have a chance to come to Beijing to visit the other 20 cultural heritage.
第二篇：北京导游词英文版
Ladies and Gentlemen:
You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City.
Now I ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden .
The hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to Fengxian Hall in the east.
This hall was built during the Ming Dynasty.
IT is a H-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .
The hall is surrounded by corridors.
In front of the hall is the Office of Privy Council.
Before Emperor Kangxi of Qing the Dynasty came to power the Hall of Heavenly Purity served as the living quarter of the emperors.
Emperor Yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .
For the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .
You can have a look at the inside from the door.
The central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation.
The western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs.
The hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of Buddha and miniature pagodas.
On the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the Han costume.
In a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “Sanxitang” .
The room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor .
A bamboo curtain was used to separate them .
Empress Dowage Cixi was born in 1835 in Lu` an Prefecture of shanxi province.
She` s of Manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south China.
When she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng and moved into the Forbidden City.
She gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year.
When the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of Cixi, meaning “Holy Mother” was conferred upon her and she became the Empress Dowager.
In that same year Empress Dowager Cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, Ci` an, for 48 years.
She passed away in 1908 at the age of 73.
It was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .
In 1912 , Empress dowager Longyu declared the abdication of the last Qing emperor Puyi.
They were allowed to remain in the Forbidden City for the next 13 years .
The royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.
Behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive Qing emperors .
Three of them actually passed away here.
The side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines.
Now let` s continue with our tour.
It will take us to the Hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.
第三篇：北京导游词英文版
Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City.
This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves .
The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple “H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases.
The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.
The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406.
It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny.
The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty.
On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles.
These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits.
There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall.
The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.
There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here.
The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .
On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.
This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur.
In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor.
On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all.
The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace.
In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires.
In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats.
In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .
Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness.
Imagine the following scene.
Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland.
Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall.
When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played.
Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.
The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne.
At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .
He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”I don’t want to stay here.I want to go home.” His father tried to soothe him, saying, ”It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ”The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious.
Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.
This is a bronze incense burner.
In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions.
There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs.
On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire.
Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity.
This copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty.
It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification.
On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece.
The jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.
In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof.
The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height.
In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .
It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams.
In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform.
Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk .
The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan, cranes, and incense barrels.
The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals,which was considered a symbol of prosperity.
As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li in one day and knows all languages and dialects.
Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian .
The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .
The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold.
Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar.
Each brick was worth the market price of one dan of rice.
The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .
Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne.
Above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure.
In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals.
This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity.
The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs.
Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne.
Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .
In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair.
After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse.
It repaired and returned to the hall.
the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese.
They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc.
The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher.
They were kept full of water all year round.
During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure.
They were made of gilt bronze or iron.
Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality.
When the allied forces invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets.
During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vats were trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .
The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony.
It served as an antechamber.
The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple.
The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here.
The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.
this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials.
The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day.
Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level.
The national exam was presided over by the emperor.
The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty.
It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials.
During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system.
Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night.
This system was abolished in 1905.this is the largest stone carving in the palace .It is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .
It weighs about 200 tons.
The block was quarried in Fangshan County, roughly 70 kilometers away.
To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter.
Rolling blocks were used in the summer.
In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.
Note : From here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route, a central route or an eastern route .
The commentary for each follows.
第四篇：北京导游词英文版
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are now entering the inner court.
From the Gate of Heavenly Purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .
The Hall of heavenly Purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the Reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty.
There are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .
In the center of the hall there a throne.
Above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “Be open and above-board,” written by Shenzhi,the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty.
Beginning with Qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .
instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque.
The box was opened only after the emperor passed away.
Altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daohuang and Xian feng.
The hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
According to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on New Year` s Eve in honour of royal family members.
Foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-Qing period.
Two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the Qing Dynasty were also held here.
All the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.
This hall was also used for mourning services.
This hall sits between the Hall of heavenly Purity and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .
It was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798.
The hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the Hall of complete Harmony .
You will see a plaque here inscribed with two Chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by Emperor Qianglong.
A throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .
Above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling.
The emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.
In 1748 during Emperor Qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .
No seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor.
On each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.
This used to be the central hall where successive Ming empresses lived.
During the Qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .
The room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.
第五篇：长城英文导游词
长城英文导游词
长城英文导游词（一）：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Wele to the Great Wall。 Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yale River in Leaning Province， the Wall stretches westwards for 12，700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert， thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China。 The Wall climbs up and down， twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces——Liaoning， Hebei， Shanxi， Shaanxi， and Gansu and two autonomous regions——Ningxia and Inner Mongolia， binding the northern China together。
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B。C。 during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu。 Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B。C。 Walls， then， was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments。 Later in 221 B。C。 The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks。 it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today。
The Great Wall is divided into two sections， the east and west， with Shanxi Province as the dividing line。 The west part is a rammed earth construction， about 5。3 meters high on average。 In the eastern part， the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well， but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks。 The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu， not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors。
The Wall of those sections is 7。8 meters high and 6。5 meters wide at its base， narrowing to 5。8 meters on the ramparts， wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast。 Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals。 The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements， while the first was used for storing grain， fodder， military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers。 The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top， is reached only after a steep climb， like "climbing a ladder to heaven"。
There stand 14 major passes (Guan， in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall， the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan。 Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan， about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing。
Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven)， Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast。 It had been， therefore， a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here。 It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus， leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty。 (1644-1911)
As a cultural heritage， the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world。 The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works， but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations， significant social developments or historical events。" The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture， and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world。 In 1987， the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site。
长城英文导游词（二）：
长城介绍导游词英文
Good morning! My name is Chen Ying snow， carefree travel guide， today is a great pleasure to serve you， you can call me snow! Today we are going to visit the Great Wall of landscape is famous in the world。 The Great Wall is the world's precious historical relics， hope everyone to love theGreat Wall， don't litter scribble， oh!
The Great Wall has a long history， a history of more than 2000 years， the spring and autumn period and the warring states period， the warring states to mutual defense， has built the Great Wall in the dangerous place。 According to records zuozhuan: in 656 BC， "chu mahjong layout" is about the earliest record of the Great Wall。 Out the six nations after the unification of China， qin to defense the north south invasion of the huns， in 224 BC， the qin， zhao and yan in The Three Kingdoms of the north Great Wall， re-hung， coherent rise。 Some west about (now min county， gansu province) north mountain， east to liaodong， which is monly known as the "Great Wall"， still remains。 Since then， the han， the northern wei dynasty， their， beiqi， sui dynasties had built the Great Wall。 The position
In Ming dynasty， in order to defense the invasion of alien， built the Great Wall before and after 18 times， total length of 6700 km， east of shanhaiguan， west to jiayuguan， today we visit this section of the Great Wall is built in the Ming dynasty， is located in the badaling。
Now we have arrived at the foot of badaling。 Tourists friends， please look up at the Great Wall: it is like a huge dragon， winding between mountains。 Please follow me to the Great Wall， see: every three hundred meters on the walls of the Great Wall there is a square ChengTai， is an ancient fortress to station troops。 It is said that war， between the ChengTai can mutual echo。 On the top of the walls are covered with very flat square brick， like a wide road， probably ErSanTai car can be parallel。 Outside the wall along with many more than two meters high， the rows of the crenel， for? With hope and shot。 The position
My friends， have a look at your feet? Guess what weigh? Tell you! This is a stone， a piece of have two or three one thousand catties! At that time， there is no train， automobile， also have no crane， is by the shoulder of countless countless hands， step by step， carry on the steep mountains。 This is how many working people sweat and wisdom， to condense into the former does not see the head， after see the tail of the Great Wall!
This is the Great Wall! This is the west jiayuguan， east to shanhaiguan， which meet the sea sunrise and gobi desert sun， or turned on the peaks， or bent over in the valley， the ups and downs， stretching thousands of miles of the Great Wall。 It is such a magnificent verve， Great Wall is a great miracle in the history of the world!
Dear visitors， today's visit here will be over， thank you very much for my support and cooperation。 The majestic Great Wall forever awaits respectfully you the presence!
长城英文导游词（三）：
长城介绍导游词英文
Everybody is good! Wele to badaling scenic area tourism。
The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the world。 It is the blood of the working people in ancient China， is also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture and the pride of the Chinese nation。 Visitors， we have e to the famous badaling Great Wall， on both sides of the mountain， is the pine and cypress， like hidden-away east， birds sounds， gurgling streams， is full of poetic。 To the distance， you can see the Great Wall is divided into south and north two peak， winding in the mountain ridges， long teng hu yue， spectacular， the scenery is very spectacular。 The Great Wall built around the mountain， ups and downs， twists and turns。 This period of the Great Wall of the wall is made of neat huge stone is some stone for up to 2 meters， weighing hundreds of pounds。 Internal fill soil and stones， to the top of the wall where the ground covered square brick， very smooth。 The wall of the lateral horse-refraining pits of building has 2 meters high， and have made a in， next shot mouth， for look
and shooting。 Every city wall， built a fortress of square ChengTai type。 ChengTai have high low and high called the enemy， is the watchman sergeant and acmodation; Low called Taiwan， height and the wall was similar but prominent wall， have the crenel around， is where the patrol。
Badaling at an altitude of 1000 meters， the twists and turns of the Great Wall， such as the dragon take off on the mountains。 It is not only a hardworking， the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation， is also an excellent representative of ancient architecture engineering。 The badaling Great Wall， the distant， rolling hills， XiongChen， stiffness of the north to the mountain。 Due to the Great Wall and grand Great Wall for to the mountain， to the mountain is more dangerous。
Here are the beacon tower， also known as beacons， Wolf yantai。 Independent buildings is not connected to the Great Wall。 Once the enemy pounce， municate its kindle wars and light smoke during the day is called "ran， called flint fire at night。 When the Ming dynasty， also on the relationship between the war with the enemy made a strict rules: the enemy hundreds， burning a smoke point a gun; Five hundred people， burning two smoke point two guns; More than one thousand people， three smoke SAN pao; More than five thousand people， four smoke four guns; More than ten thousand people， five five gun smoke。 In this way， on the border of the military intelligence can rapid transfer to the imperial city ouchi。 See the beacon tower， and then tell you a story， called "must play leud" : the zhou dynasty had a king named weeks you king， he has a beautiful woman， her temper is very strange， always don't smile， think of some way to you king。 He lit up a distress signal (fire)， as a result， drew leud e
white， she laughed， you king is also very happy。 But， really have an enemy to attack， you king lit the fire， but no one e， and he was killed by the enemy。 There is a story， called "meng jiangnu cry Great Wall collapse" : legend was Meng Gusheng a daughter named meng jiangnu。 Because of qin shi huang to build the Great Wall， need a lot of manpower。 Qin shi huang was caught many people go to the Great Wall。
All of a sudden， I do not know where to e up to a rumor: only the wan xi is buried under the Great Wall， can make the Great Wall and solid， qin shi huang was， sent people seize wan xi。 Wan xi good fled to Bangladesh。 People see wan xi meng home good handsome， talented， good let meng jiangnu and wan xi of their marriage。 The two men marry less than 10 days， good wan xi is the rulers who grasp to go to repair the Great Wall。 In the fall， meng jiangnu saw her husband hasn't e back， give him the woolies。 Along the way， reject， hardships， day and night， all the way to the Great Wall。 Local people told her: wan xi good would have buried under the wall。 She was grief-stricken， crying。 Instantly， and dark， the Great Wall was crying collapsed in eight hundred。 Just then， qin shi huang to have the Great Wall， with fine features， when he saw meng jiangnu just want her to do concubine。 For qin shi huang meng jiangnu agree to her three conditions: one is for wan xi is a grave; The second is to
make good full chao wenwu festivals wan xi; Three is in the middle of the Great Wall and the tomb of wan xi good repair a like flying grand bridge。 After three things done， she threw herself into the sea。
Visitors， this is three stories about the Great Wall。 Now the Great Wall tourist stop here， thank you!
长城英文导游词（四）：
长城介绍导游词英文
The Great Wall， like the Pyramids of Egypt， the Taj Mahal in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon， is one of the great wonders of the world。 Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province， the Wall stretches westwards for12，700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert， thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China。 The Wall climbs up and down， twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning， Hebei， Shanxi， Shaanxi， and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia， binding the northern China together。
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year656。 during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu。 Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century 。 when ducal states Yan， Zhao， Wei， and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges。 Walls， then， were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments。 Later in221。， when Qin conquered the other states and unified China， Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall。 As a matter of fact， a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206BC--1644BC。)， which went to ruin through years of neglect。 In the many intervening centuries， succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall。 The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were ca
rried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether18lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks。 it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today。 The Great Wall is divided into two sections， the east and west， with Shanxi Province as the dividing line。 The west part is a rammed earth construction， about meters high on average。 In the eastern part， the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well， but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks。 The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu， not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors。 The Wall of those sections is meters high and meters wide at its base， narrowing to meters on the ramparts， wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast。 There are ramparts， embrasures， peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top， besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk。 Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately400-meters inte
rnals。 The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements， while the first was used for storing grain， fodder， military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers。 The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top， is reached only after a steep climb， like "climbing a ladder to heaven"。 The view from the top is rewarding， hoverer。 The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze。 A signal system formerly existed that served to municate military information to the dynastic capital。 This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall。 At the approach of enemy troops， smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night。
Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern munications。 There stand14major passes (Guan， in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall， the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan。 Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan， about50 kilometers northwest of Beijing。 Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven)， Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast。 It had been， therefore， a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here。 It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus， leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty。 (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an i
mportant munication center in Chinese history。 Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains， it was on the ancient Silk Road。 Zhang Qian， the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206-24)， crossed it on his journey to the western regions。 Later， silk flowed to the west through this pass too。 The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship。 It has an inner city and an outer city， the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall meters high and730 meters in circumference。 It has two gates， an eastern one and a western one。 On each gate sits a tower facing each other。 the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers， one for each。 Juyongguan， a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia， was built in a15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains。 The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the13th century。 At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrac
e， which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba， since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas， built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368)。 At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway， interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls。 The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship。 such grandiose relics works， with several stones pieced together， are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving。 The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra， carved some600 years ago in Sanskrit， Tibetan， Mongolian， Uigur， Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia。 Undoubtedly， they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages。 As a cultural heritage， the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world。 The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the indi
vidual architectural works， but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations， significant social developments or historical events。" The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture， and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world。 In1987， the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site。
第六篇：长城英文导游词
长城英文导游词
长城英文导游词In the north of China， there lies a 6，700-kilometer-long (4，161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China， it starts at the Jiayuguan Paof Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Paof Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world， the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture.
Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction， and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant， such as Meng Jiangnu‘s story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu‘s story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu‘s bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu‘s husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure， so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately， by the time she reached the great wall， she discovered that her husband had already died. Hearing the bad news， she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners.
Another legend about the Jiayuguan Patells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99，999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick， then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the completion of the project， one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate. The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass.
In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall， there are also plenty of stories about current scenic spots. A famous one is the legend of the Beacon Tower. This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC). King You had a queen named Bao Si， who was very pretty. King You liked her very much， however Bao Si never smiled. An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King‘s subjects， and might make the queen smile. King You liked the idea. The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the chaos. Later enemies invaded Western Zhou， King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for help. No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once before. Thus， King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an end.
Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and culture. In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall， many more stories were created and spread.
