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第一篇：导游词三峡工程导游词
领队随员先生，请快通知您的团员到观景台上来，前面两岸，就是三峡工程工地。这一带的地层全是坚硬的花岗岩地质结构，是建大坝最理想的地方，大坝的中轴线从这里横截长江。请大家靠近点。我把三峡工程的有关情况向大家介绍一下：
1992年4月3日，全国七届人大五次会议通过r《关于兴建长江三峡工程的决议》，从此完成了三峡工程的立法程序，转入实施阶段。1994年12月14日，李鹏总理向国内外宣布：“今天，三峡工程正式开工了!”
在中华民族历史上，治理长江三峡由来已久。在古代，有巫山神女协助大禹治水和西陵峡中神牛助禹开江的美好传说。在近代，孙中山率先策划利用长江三峡水能资源。美国萨凡奇对长江三峡水能资源“一见钟情”。“世界地质之父”缪勒和“中国地质之父”李四光曾来长江三峡进行地质考察。早在1946年，中美专家合作在美国丹佛研究并设计三峡工程和船闸。1956年7月，毛泽东畅游长江，写下了名词《水调歌头?游泳》，描绘了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的三峡工程宏伟蓝图。新中国成立以来，毛泽东、周恩来、刘少奇、邓小平、江泽民、李鹏、乔石、李瑞环等曾来三峡工程坝址和工地考察、规划及视察。
三峡工程为混凝土重力坝，坝长1983米，坝顶总长度3035米，坝顶高185米，正常蓄水位175米，总库容393亿立方米，其中防洪库容221．5亿立方米。每秒排沙流量2460立方米，泄洪坝段每秒泄洪能力为ll亿立方米。共装机26台，单机容量70万千瓦，总容量1820万千瓦，年平均发电量847亿度。左岸的通航建筑物，年单向通过能力5000万吨。双线5级船闸，可通过万吨级船队。单线一级垂直升船机，可快速通过3000吨客货轮。水库最终淹没耕地 43．13万亩，最终动迁移民113．18万人。
按1993年物价水平计算，三峡工程静态总投资954．6亿元，其中枢纽工程500．9亿元，移民安置300．7亿元，输变电工程153亿元。采取“一级开发，一次建成，分期蓄水，连续移民”的建设方案。三峡工程总工期为17年。按“5．6．6”的进度安排，分三期施工：一期工程5年，1993年至1997年大江截流；二期工程6年，至2003年第一批两台机组发电，永久性船闸和升船机投入运行；三期工程6年，每年有4台机组投产，到2009年三峡工程全部建成。
三峡工程有许多技术指标居世界同类工程之首：世界最大的水力发电站(装机26台、单机发电机组70万千瓦、装机1820万千瓦、年发电量847亿度)、世界最大的混凝土坝(体积1527万立方米)、世界最大的通航建筑物(船舶3000吨级、提升总量1．18万吨、最大提升高度为113米)、世界最大的主体工程土石方开挖量(10260万立方米)、世界最大的土石方填筑量(2930万立方米)、世界最大的混凝土浇筑量(2715万立方米)和世界最大的金属结构安装量 (28l万吨)。
三峡工程竣工后，将发挥防洪、发电、航运、养殖、旅游、保护生态、净化环境、开发性移民、南水北调、供水灌溉十大效益。这是世界上任何巨型电站都无法比拟的。
三峡工程是举世瞩目的伟大工程，也是中国历史上自建长城、开运河以来最伟大的工程，更是中华民族饮马长江、扬鞭三峡、奉功当代、造福千秋之开辟历史新纪元的伟大工程。
大家看!工地上气吞山河的施工场面。这是45吨、77吨、140吨的自卸车，那是巨大的铲扬机，伸出长臂的是装载机，那是80多米高的围堰……。
请看前面的跨江悬索桥!叫西陵长江大桥，蹄三峡工程4．5公里。桥北地名叫铁条树，桥南地名叫大沱。1993年12月动工，1996年6月竣工，总投资3．5亿元。这座桥全长1165．86米、宽18．4米(4车道)，载荷290吨。最大跨径900米，誉称“神州第一跨”。西陵长江大桥的建成，解决了三峡工程两岸繁忙的运输任务，确保万吨级船队通过，并为三峡画廊添上了一道绚丽的彩虹。
现在旅游船驶进了河道似“九曲回肠”的黄牛峡。因“黄牛助禹开峡有功”，人们便在黄牛岩下修建了黄牛祠。后将黄牛祠改为黄牛庙、黄陵庙。殿前石碑上刻有诸葛亮到此感禹王治水的功绩而题写的碑记，还有诸葛亮手植的铁树。1983年铁树开花，引起轰动。庙内有许多记载历史上三峡水文情况的碑刻。其中一块记载同治九年(1870年)发大水，淹到“玄功万古”匾额下，这是三峡的最高水位。这些历史资料都为建设葛洲坝和三峡工程提供了重要的水文地质依据。
前方转弯处的北岸是莲沱，南岸是南沱。1919年，李四光在英国伯明翰大学获得了硕士学位后，回到祖国。1924年，他带领学生对峡区进行考察，在莲沱、南沱和庙河一带确立了含义明确、界线清楚的震旦系标准剖面，正式建立了震旦系，写出了《长江峡东地质及峡之历史》一文，使我国地质研究走在世界前列。
女士们、先生们!旅游船已驶出了长江三峡的东大门??宜昌南津关。南津关两岸耸立的岸壁，形成与夔门首尾呼应的又一天然门户，素有“雄当蜀道，巍镇荆门” 之说，是历史上兵家必争之地。请看临江处。那是三游洞、白马洞、刘封城、张飞擂鼓台和至喜亭等风景名胜。前面便是万里长江第一坝、三峡工程反调节水库??葛洲坝工程。
葛洲坝工程于1970年12月30日动工，1988年12月10日建成。请看，那是船闸，共3座；那是发电厂房，共2座；那是泄水闸，共27孔；那是冲沙闸，大江9孔、三江6孔；这是防淤堤。以上是葛洲坝工程的主要组成部分。大坝全长2606．5米，标高70米，最大坝高53．8米(厂房坝段)。控制坝址以上长江流域面积100万平方公里，占整个流域的55％。水库库容15．8亿立方米，装机21台，总装机容量271．5万千瓦，总投资48．48亿元。每年以157亿度左右的强大电量，通过超高压输电线路，分别送往华中、华东等地区，成为我国重要的能源基地之一。自1981年7月第一台机组并网发电以来，截止1994年5月已累计发电1430多亿度，创产值120亿元。许多外国朋友称赞葛洲坝工程是“中国人民的骄傲!”是“中华民族新的长城。”
诸位朋友!旅游船今天从2号船闸室通过，过闸时间约50分钟。请看：上游的闸门已经启开，活动铁路公路两用桥在慢慢升起，提升净空18米，保证船只安全通过。现在，船慢慢驶入闸室。闸室长280米、宽34米。设有浮式系船桩，可容万吨级船队通过。看，上游闸门在慢慢关闭。闸门间隙合缝严密，滴水不漏。国内外旅游者参观后赞不绝口：“奇迹，真是奇迹!”闸室内的水通过输水廊道下泄。待水往下降约20米，闸室内水位与闸外下游水位相平……。看!下游闸门在慢慢启开。两扇闸门每扇宽39．4米，高34米；单扇闸门重600吨，比2个篮球场的面积还要大。闸门和阀门的开关，全由电气设备集中控制，操作方便，启闭灵活。现在旅游船驶出了船闸室。前面就是我们要到达的目的地，素称“三峡门户”、“川鄂咽喉”的宜昌市。
朋友们!长江三峡的奇伟、壮观，无一不引起旅游者的感情共鸣。前联合国秘书长瓦尔德海姆和其他外宾，赞誉“长江三峡是世界奇观!是上帝赐给全人类的财富”。新加坡原总理李光耀游览长江三峡后，激动地说：“三峡的风光美极了，我明天不当总理了，来当三峡旅游公司总经理。”
我们的旅游船停靠宜昌港旅游码头。今天下榻三峡宾馆(三星级)，明天去武汉和西安的机票均已购好，请放心。
3天的旅途生活，使我们之间产生了深厚的友情，这种友情使我们毕生难忘。马上要分别了，我代表全船员工预祝你们下一个旅程更加愉快!更加安康!更加如意!
女士们、先生们!希望再来宜昌畅游长江三峡!
亲爱的朋友，再见!祝一路平安!
第二篇：北京天坛导游词导游词
中国北京.天 坛 ——英文导游辞
(Inside the South Gate of the Temple of Heaven)
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the Temple of Heaven.(After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China.There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad.All in all, there are 12 million visitors very year.Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the altar.It will take roughly one hour.Mind you, the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.
(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)
The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven, the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties.It was decreed that rulers of succeive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest.But why?
The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind, and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature.In those days, there were specific rites of worship.This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty.Situated in the southern part of the city, this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares.To better symbolize heaven and earth, the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one.The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices.The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.
(Along the Imperial Paage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)
The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether.Standing on the paage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other.This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
1 On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs.He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the altar.
(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)
We are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace.Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone.The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second, 18, up to 81 in the 9th ring.Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiple of 9.But why?
According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors.Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin.Nine was the largest heavenly number acceible to man.What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
Once more look at the round stone in the center.The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters) in circumference, while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang.Claified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized succe.What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized.The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice.The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace; while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks.The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning.All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued.On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood, musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven.When the service drew to a close, the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end, the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be bleed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice.It is interesting to note that, the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance, since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer.The stone, which is known as the God’s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself.(Proceed northward to pa through the Lattice Star Gate)
(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse.It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles.The
2 roofing, beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks.This is the only structure of its kind in China today.
the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept.Douglas Hurd, a former British foreign secretary, once said, “God attends to His affairs on the Circular Mound Altar but stays here.” Now let` s go in to see it (Go through the left side door)
(In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)
this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse.It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter.The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball, and carved wooden doors and windows.It is decorated with colored paintings.Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace, the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl” design in relief.We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(On the marble terrace of the main hall)
The arch of the hall is buttreed by 16 giant pillars on two rings.On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caion, or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design.The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal.Atop it, up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined.On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon, constellation, cloud, rain, wind and thunder.
(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)
Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i.e.the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone.A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart.This is poible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks.
In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone.If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times.Hence the name.(Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)
(Nine-Dragon Cypre)
3
the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypre trees-there are more than 60,000 cypre trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypre was planted more than 500 years ago.Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypre.It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs.Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)
Now we are back again on the Central Axis.This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest.The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis.It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(On the Red Stairway Bridge)
Entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised paage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall.This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.
The paage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cro arrangement of slabs.The central and widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare, which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it.The emperor used the path on the east, which is known as the Imperial Walk.The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough, there is no walkway left for ordinary people.This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.
Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all.But how so? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep.The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice.All in all, it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.
Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end.As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypre recede and perspective widens.Here you are in Heaven.
(Costume-Changing Terrace)
The marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or Costume Changing Terrace.It is located to the
4 east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades.The day before the service, officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes.After the service, the emperor would return to the tent and change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace.(Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)
This structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest.We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building, the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate.A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls, the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.The annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace, to set off the loftine and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building, 38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball.The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings.The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace.At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it.
Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height, covering a space of 4,000 square meters.Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure.In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs.To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and down pipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls.In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed.Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)
Climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall, a masterpiece of ancient China.Looking up you will see the caion, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes.In and out, the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
Without the use of steel, cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crobeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 maive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters.The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four seasons.There are two rings of 12
5 scarlet pillars each.The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year.The pillars, 28 in number, also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient Chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.
The center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab, which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter.Interestingly, the slab features natural black and white veins, corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling.This particular slab is known as the Dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.
The furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when Emperor Xianfeng ruled .In the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of Heaven.On either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed.Each tablet is fronted by an altar.A total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it, including soup, wine, aorted cereals, and a calf.
The sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning, sometime in the first month of the Chinese lunar year.Because it was still dark, candles, lanterns and torches were lit.This lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall, helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.
By the time the service began, 207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall.The emperor, in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity, would walk slowly into the hall, kowtow, and offer wine and prayer in honor of the deities and his ancestors.All of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for Good Harvest.With this we conclude our visit to the Temper of Heaven.The feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .However, this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient Chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.
(On the Long Corridor)
From the Eastern Gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest, we have now entered a 300-meter-long corridor.Consisting of 72 sections, this corridor served as a connecting building between the Slaughterhouses.Heaven Kitchen, and the main hall, It is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line.Flanking the corridor are shopping stalls.You may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.
Well, that is all for this tour.Thank you for your attention.I look forward to your next visit.Good luck and bon voyage.
第三篇：西柏坡导游词
西柏坡——新中国从这里走来
[讲解重点]
本篇导游词通过介绍西柏坡优美独特的地理位置及其在中国革命历史中所起的重要作用，说明中央工委驻地为什么会选中西柏坡，使之成为革命圣地。讲解毛泽东主席、刘少奇、董必武、朱德、周恩来、任弼时等中共中央领导同志的旧居；中共中央旧址大院、七届二中全会会址；引导游客参观西柏坡纪念碑、纪念馆、石刻园等，从而缅怀老一辈无产阶级革命家，宏扬毛主席提出的两个“务必”的西柏坡精神，加深对西柏坡——“新中国从这里走来”的认识。
[示范导游词]
各位朋友，大家好！
我代表河北XX旅行社热烈欢迎您------来自湖南毛主席家乡的贵客！“浏阳河，弯过了几道弯------出了个毛主席领导我们得解放”。一曲浏阳河是否勾起了您的思乡情？湖南韶山是毛主席的家乡，河北西柏坡有毛主席在解放战争中的故居，来此旅游对您有着特殊的意义。我是导游员XXX，这位是司机X师傅，我们乘坐的是河北旅游黄色大巴，车牌号为XXX。我们会用百分之百的热心和诚心换取您的欢心和称心，希望在这短暂的时间里由我带大家走进西柏坡，了解西柏坡，解读西柏坡的神秘。让您的西柏坡之旅，快乐多多，收获多多。
下面利用旅途这段时间，我给大家介绍一下西柏坡的概况：
西柏坡位于河北省平山县中部，滹沱河北岸，处于华北平原和太行山交界之处。在一片向阳的马蹄状山坳里，坐落着一处只有百十来户人家的小山村。据史书记载，西柏坡原名“柏卜”，始建于唐代，因村后坡岭翠柏苍郁而得名。1935年，该村一位教书先生将“卜”改为“坡”，又因与“东柏卜”村相对而居，遂改名为“西柏坡村”。西柏坡似一颗璀璨的明珠光耀中华，永载中国革命史册，成为中外游客敬仰的革命圣地！她的闻名源于1947年5月-----1949年3月间，这里曾是中央工委，中共中央和解放军总部所在地。一代伟人毛泽东和他的战友们在这里运筹帷幄，指挥若定，掌上千秋史，胸中百万兵，谱写了一曲曲壮丽辉煌的赞歌！
1 毛泽东主席和中共中央在这里领导了全国的土地改革运动，指挥了震惊中外的辽沈、淮海、平津三大战役，召开了具有伟大历史意义的七届二中全会，铸就了永世不朽的“西柏坡精神”。正如周恩来总理指出的那样：“西柏坡是党中央毛主席进入北平，解放全中国的最后一个农村指挥所”。朱穆之同志的题词：“中国命运，定于此村”，黄镇将军的题词：“新中国从这里走来”。
好，这位朋友提问了“中央工委驻地为什么会选中西柏坡”？据朱总司令的秘书潘开文回忆说：“我们当时是这样考虑的：一是村子要适当集中，后委和一些机关能放得下；二是交通要便利，便于和各解放区联系；三是安全问题，西柏坡村较小，后边有一个小山洞好防空；四是住宿条件，西柏坡当时很多房子被鬼子烧了，但基础很好，便于建设，将来住在一起较集中，方便工作。” 由此看来，西柏坡的被选中如同历史上每个革命大本营的选择一样，既要着眼于眼前战争的需要，又要考虑到将来事业的发展需要。
正是如此，西柏坡三面环山，一面临河，西扼太行山，东连冀中平原，距石家庄只有90公里，交通方便，易守难攻，既适宜危机时刻往山里撤退，顺利时又便于向城市进军，地理位置得天独厚。平山县为晋察冀和晋察鲁豫两大根据地所环抱。革命发动较早，大革命时期就建立了共产党组织，群众基础好。抗日战争以来，西柏坡是个模范村，保密性好。西柏坡一带村庄稠密，相距1-----2公里，且沿滹沱河分布，依山傍水，滩地肥美，地宽粮丰，稻麦两熟，还有核桃、柿子果实累累。这里的经济条件用聂莱臻元帅的话说：“平山县可称得上是我们晋察冀边区的乌克兰。”较发达的农业经济，有利于保障军民的经济供应，为党中央驻地提供物质基础。西柏坡具备了这样的条件，解放全中国最后一个农村指挥所的使命就落到她的肩上。毛主席称赞西柏坡“是个理想的总指挥部”，西柏坡也因此像井冈山、瑞金、延安一样成了中国革命的圣地。
今日的西柏坡，前临碧波荡漾的西柏坡湖，后靠满坡翠柏、松涛阵阵的西柏坡岭，独具魅力的秀丽风光使之成为国家重点风景名胜区和AAAA级旅游景区。
“征程伴坎坷，创业艰难多，要知胜利路，请看西柏坡”。讲到这里，大家早已迫不及待地想亲眼目睹西柏坡的风姿了吧。好啦，西柏坡到了，请大家带好随身物品，随我下车去领略西柏坡，瞻仰一代伟人们的风采吧！
站在村口大家观察一下这里的地形地势，是否验证了刚才那位朋友提问的答案。 请大家往这边走，展现在我们面前的就是中共中央旧址大院。
进入大院首先看到的是董必武同志的旧居。北房东屋是董老的办公室，西屋是董老一家的寝室。西厢房和南厢房是工作人员的住宅。院里的海棠、杏梅、翠竹等都是当年
2 董老和夫人何莲芝同志在工作之余亲手栽种的。董老在这里工作、生活了近两年的时间，睡的是土炕，盖的这条毛毯还是在延安大生产时织的呢。在此期间，董老担任中共中央华北局书记处书记，华北财经委主任，华北人民政府主席。董老经常孜孜不倦地学习马列、毛泽东著作、坚持每天学习写作，就是在这张办公桌上董老为1948年首次发行的人民币，题写了“中国人民银行”六个大字。
大家现在看到的是刘少奇同志旧居。室内的办公桌、沙发、转椅等都是原样。刘少奇同志担任中央军委副主席、中共中央书记处书记等职务，他生活非常俭朴，他的办公室既是会议室又是中央工委的办公室，许多会议都是在这间屋子里召开的。在这里他指导了中国土地改革，写下了《论共产党员的修养》《在全国土地会议上的报告》等珍贵文稿。
您看这四间小平房，就是当年的军委作战室，内设作战、情报、战史资料三个科。他们的具体工作任务是研究汇集敌我双方的作战情况，及时向党中央毛主席汇报并根据党中央毛主席的指示下达命令。当时这里的工作和生活条件十分艰苦，工作人员绘图、制表用的红蓝铅笔，都是从敌人手里缴获的。为了节省铅笔，他们就用红蓝毛线在墙上这张军用地图上标图。1975年，特赦后的国民党第十二兵团司令黄维在看到这四间平房后，无限感慨地说：“毛主席英明！共产党了不起！国民党当败，蒋介石当败啊！”
现在我们看到的就是毛泽东主席的旧居，毛主席就是在这普通的山村农舍里，为中国人民的解放事业日夜操劳。这座普通的民宅为前后两个小院。路西边有一个磨盘和一个猪圈，毛主席和朱德、刘少奇等领导同志，经常围坐在磨盘旁，楸树下研究战局。后来有人风趣地称为：“磨盘上布下雄兵百万”。后院西房南边一间是毛主席女儿李纳和保姆的卧室；中间是家属住室；北边一间是毛主席的书房兼资料室。北房东、西两间分别是办公室和寝室。办公室内陈设的办公桌、沙发、转椅、茶几都是毛主席使用过的。毛主席的工作非常紧张，办公室的灯光总是通宵明亮。三大战役时毛主席办公室的墙上挂满了军用地图，五位书记经常围坐在圆桌旁，研究战局，他们运筹帷幄之中，决胜千里之外，震惊中外的辽沈、淮海、平津三大战役的作战方针和各种文电指示，就是从这里发出的。在这里，党中央指挥东北野战军、华北野战军、华东与平原野战军、华北军区部队取得了三大战役的胜利。解放了东北全境和平、津两市；基本解放了长江以北的华东中原地区和华北。共歼灭和改编国民党军154万余人，基本消灭了国民党主要军事力量。在这里，做好了迎接全国解放的准备，以及保证中国革命实现伟大的战略转变，从政治上、思想上和理论上做好了必要而充分的准备。
3 接下来我们看到的这三间窑洞式的屋子是朱德同志的旧居。这是中央工委自己动手建造的，准备让毛主席住，毛主席觉得朱总司令上了年纪，就让朱总司令去住了。
这个南北狭长的小院就是任弼时同志的旧居……任弼时同志是五位书记中最年轻的一位，他曾两次被捕入狱，坚贞不屈，忘我工作，这个铁皮箱是他转战陕北来西柏坡途中随身携带的文件箱。
这是周恩来同志的旧居……周总理工作常常是通宵达旦，他考虑问题极其缜密，为毛主席部署各个战役提供了准确无误的军事资料和数据。在西柏坡还流传着一个“总理雨夜救亲人”的故事……。
我们眼前这间南北狭长的小土屋就是著名的七届二中全会会址，这是中央工委自己动手建造的大伙房，开会时临时布置成了会场。1949年3月5日-----13日，党的七届二中全会就是在这所房子里召开的。前面的长桌是主席台，两边的方桌是记录桌，后边墙上挂着敌我战略形势图，是向大会进行汇报时用的。参加这次会议的中央委员34人，加上候补委员、列席人员共64人。毛主席主持了这次会议，并在会议上作了重要报告。提出了在全国胜利的局面下，党的工作重心必须由乡村转移到城市。毛主席在报告中谆谆告诫全党：“夺取全国胜利，这只是万里长征走完了第一步”，“务必使同志们继续地保持谦虚、谨慎，不骄、不躁的作风，务必使同志们继续地保持艰苦奋斗的作风”。要求全党警惕资产阶级“糖衣炮弹”的攻击。毛主席提出的“两个务必”就是西柏坡精神的精华所在，它科学地回答了共产党人应该怎么经受革命胜利和执政考验的历史性课题。
1949年3月23日党的七届二中全会结束后十天，毛主席和中共中央离开西柏坡迁往北京。至此，西柏坡在中国革命史册上留下了光辉的一页。西柏坡——新中国从这里走来！
下面请大家跟随我去参观西柏坡纪念碑、西柏坡纪念馆、西柏坡石刻园等。 在西柏坡纪念馆里……，一条旧布袋、一个搪瓷碗、半截铅笔头、一架纺线车，无不让人看到革命先驱者坚毅的面庞和不息的心跳，无不记载着“一把撅头一杆枪的革命历史”……
下面给大家1小时自由参观，然后在村口集合上车。
在金色阳光余辉的照耀下，我们西柏坡红色之旅也接近了尾声。西柏坡之行给各位朋友带来的震撼、感受不尽相同，但我相信大家都受益非浅，收获颇多。毛主席的英明伟大令我们敬佩不已，中央领导同志的团结合作，艰苦奋斗精神让我们感动万分，山清水秀的西柏坡村使我们留恋忘返。在此我也衷心感谢大家对我工作的支持，并请多提宝
4 贵意见，期待着与您再次相逢，重温西柏坡的故事，体会她的博大精深。
朋友们：愿您像毛主席当年进京那样一路顺风，事业成功！
第四篇：湖南省导游证考试导游词之衡山
衡山导游词
各位朋友：
你们好！欢迎大家来南岳衡山做客！
衡山是我国著名的五岳之一，素有“五岳独秀”、“中华寿岳”之称。南岳号称
“五岳独秀”，以“秀”为主要景观特色。大家可以看到，这里群峦叠翠，万木争荣，云雾缭绕，是“五里不同景，十里两重天”！衡山的风景美不胜收、数不胜数，其中最著名的当属“衡山四绝”：藏经殿之秀，方广寺之深，祝融峰之高和水帘洞之奇。常言道：“天下名山僧占多。”衡山不仅是风景名山，也是宗教圣山。但衡山与其他宗教名山相比，其独特之处是山上佛道并存，互彰互显，同尊共荣。衡山自古为道教名山，据《南岳志》的记载，在历史上曾经有不少著名高道隐居湖南，如西晋时期的道教上清派开山宗师、中国第一位女道士魏华存修道于衡山黄庭观等等。那如果说道教使衡山皎洁似月的话，佛教则令南岳如日中天。尤其是佛教禅宗，先后衍生出临济、曹洞、云门、法眼、沩仰等五大宗派，流传全国甚至朝鲜、日本等海外地区，佛教史上称为“五叶一花”。
现在展现在我们面前的就是我国南方最大的官殿式古建筑群——南岳大庙。南岳大庙是一组集民间祠庙、佛教寺院、道教宫观和皇宫殿宇于一体的古建筑群，也是我国南方及五岳之中规模最大的庙宇。大庙现存建筑共有九进、四院、八寺和八观，前后纵深375米。它的中轴线上为儒家建筑风格，东边为八个道观，西边为八个佛寺，像这样儒、道、佛三教共存一庙，在全国乃至全世界都是绝无仅有的。现在矗立在大家面前的是南岳大庙中轴线上的第一进建筑——棂星门。以棂星来命门，寓意着希望人才兴旺，国家昌盛。这里是南岳大庙中轴线上的第二进建筑——魁星阁。阁内原来立有文星之首的魁星雕像，以示崇文，很多望子成龙的父母都常带着子女来此祈拜。大庙的第二重院落正中是御碑亭，是大庙中轴线上的第四进建筑。御碑亭里面立着康熙皇帝撰写的《重修南岳庙记》青石碑。绕过御碑亭，这里就是大庙中轴线上的第五进建筑——嘉应门。“嘉应”是古代用来迎接远方宾客的仪门。嘉应门后的第三重院落是南岳大庙的主院，由御书楼、正殿、寝宫和东西长廊组成，共有屋宇58间。穿过御书楼，各位面前的与北京故宫太和殿相似的大殿便是整个大庙的核心——正殿。整个正殿是处处有景，处处叫绝。
现在我们来到的是忠烈祠，忠烈祠是我国建筑时间最早、规模最大的抗日战争纪念地之一，也是国民政府在大陆唯一一处保留下来的纪念抗战烈士的大型陵园。忠烈祠是仿南京中山陵样式建造，坐南朝北，依山而筑，左右对称，层次分明。它沿中轴线共分为牌坊、纪念碑、纪念堂、致敬碑和享堂五部分。在这里，长眠着国民党第九战区和第六战区的部分抗日阵亡将士，是国家重点文物保护单位。
朋友们，眼前的这座牌坊就是忠烈祠的正门。这是由花岗岩石砌成的，正上方的汉白玉石匾上镶嵌着原国民党湖南省政府主席兼第九战区司令长官薛岳题写的“南岳忠烈祠”五个镏金大字。
站在这个广场的中心，大家肯定会被这个造型奇特的雕塑所吸引，这便是“七·七纪念塔”。它是由五颗倒立的石制炮弹组成，炮弹一大四小，代表着我国的五大民族——汉、满、蒙、回、藏。雕塑的正面和左右两侧，都嵌有汉白玉砌的“七七”两个字，象征着从1937年7月7日卢沟桥事变爆发后，中国人民同仇敌忾，掀起的全民抗日的民族怒潮。
现在我们来到的是忠烈祠的第三进建筑——纪念堂。纪念堂的正中竖着的这块高达6米的汉白玉石碑，上面刻有薛岳将军撰写的《南岳忠烈祠纪念堂碑记》，记述了建祠的历史背景和经过。纪念堂的两侧现在开辟为展览室，陈列着关于南岳与抗战的一些图片文字资料。
拾级而上，就来到了忠烈祠最后也是最主要的建筑——享堂。在享堂正门上方悬挂着镏金巨匾“忠烈祠”，这是蒋介石的真迹。
我们现在已经登上了衡山七十二峰的最高峰——祝融峰。祝融峰海拔1290米。站在这里凭栏望月，会觉得云低月近，如登天门一般，令登临者心旷神怡，魂游物外！好了，参观完祝融峰，各位的南岳之行也就即将结束。希望南岳衡山-这颗南国明珠能给您留下美好的回忆。谢谢大家!
第五篇：西柏坡英文导游词
西柏坡位于河北省石家庄市平山县中部，总面积为 16440 平方米，曾是中共中央所在地，党中央和毛主席在此指挥了震惊中外的辽沈、淮海、平津三大战役，召开了具有伟大历史意义的七届二中全会和全国土地会议，解放全中国，故有“新中国从这里走来”、“中国命运定于此村”的美誉。小编为你整理了西柏坡英文导游词，希望对你有所参考帮助。
Xibaipo, a name echoing the glory of China's revolutionary history, is an ordinary 100-household village located in Pingshan county, Hebei Province. In May 1947, the Party's Working Committee chose this location and in May 1948, under the leadership of Comrade Mao Tse-tung, the Party's Central Committee and the headquarters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army moved to this village. This made it the last rural command center prior to the decisive battles between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang. Xibaipo's unique contribution to the revolution has thus bestowed upon it a name that shines in the history books of the Chinese revolution, setting up a historical monument with eternal glory.
In 1991 Zhu Muzhi, who was Minister of the Information Office of the State Council then, wrote this inscription for Xibaipo: "The destiny of China was determined in this village." His inscription speaks highly of Xibaipo's historical status in China’s revolution.
"New China set off from here" is a famous comment attributed to the writer Yan Tao when he wrote a literary report on Xibaipo, entitled "Notes on the Road to the East." This comment was also used as a subtitle for the document, and is now widely quoted as the best synopsis of Xibaipo's historic contribution.
Xibaipo was selected to be the command center for both the liberating of China and the planning of New China for various reasons. Not only did its unique geographic location and natural surroundings best suit this purpose, Xibaipo also had developed into a strong revolutionary base over the years and therefore stood out for its political preeminence.
Xibaipo is a small village located on the northern banks of the Hutuo River running through the Jixi mountainous region. Not only does it have beautiful scenery, but also rich and fertile soil. The village is located in the middle of Pingshan county, at the crossroads between the North China Plateau and Taihang Mountain. Poised in a horse-foot-shaped valley oriented toward the sun, Xibaipo is surrounded by mountains on its three sides and by water on one side. To its west, it embraces the gateway to Taihang Mountain, and to its east, it borders the Jizhong Plateau. The village is only 90 km from Shijiazhuang, a strategically important city in the North China region. Xibaipo enjoys convenient transportation facilities and is distinguished as a military location of strategic importance. Occupying this location provides for flexibility in either withdrawing into the mountains at a time of emergency or for advancing into cities when necessary.
Revolutionary activity started early in Pingshan county. During the period of the Great Revolution in the 1920s, the Party set up its own organization here. By 1946, there were 608 branch offices, and the number of Party members had increased to 19,535, from just 30 members in 1931. The party gained popular support at the grassroots level. After the War against the Japanese Invasion, Pingshan county was surrounded by two revolutionary bases, i.e. Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei and Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-He’nan, and located here were the command posts of the 4th as well as the 2nd military sub-areas within the Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei region. The headquarters of the Party's Northern Bureau, the Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei Regional Government and the Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei Military Region were also located in Pingshan county for three and half years.
Pingshan is seen as a model county in the Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei region, and Xibaipo regarded as a model village. Xibaipo set up its Party organization in 1937. By 1948, the number of Party members had increased to 40 members coming from 33 households, accounting for 12.3% of the total population and 33% of the total number of households. In the neighboring area, the villages were lined up quite densely along the Hutuo River, with an average distance of 1 to 2 km from each other. Xibaipo was close to both the mountains and the river, and known for its rich and fertile soil. Given its favorable agricultural conditions, Xibaipo has two harvest seasons each year. When commenting on the economic conditions in Xibaipo and Pingshan, General Nie Rongzhen noted: "Pingshan County can be perceived as the Ukraine of the Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei region." The relatively developed agricultural economy helped to guarantee logistic support to both troops and the common people, and provided a material base for the Party's Central Committee.
The Party's Working Committee selected Xibaipo as the optimal place for various reasons, including its favorable geographic location, its relatively developed economy, its consistent grassroots support and the reasonable spread of villages.
After an intense period of planning, the Party's Working Committee was set up on July 12, 1947. In order to adapt to the ongoing war, the Working Committee was publicly known as "The Workers' School" and "The Laborers' University." Liu Shao-chi was appointed the Headmaster, being called “Headmaster Hu” (Hu Fu being Liu’s pseudonym).Chu Teh was appointed Director of the school board, and was called the Board-Director Chu.
After the Working Committee relocated to Xibaipo, it assisted in the Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei field operations winning 4 big battles, which annihilated 62,000 enemy troops. Among them, the most famous one was the battle that resulted in the liberation of Shijiazhuang.
The liberation of Shijiazhuang connected two liberated areas, i.e. Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei and the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-He’nan. Not only did the victory lay a foundation for integrating the North China region, it also created favorable conditions for the relocation of the Party's Central Committee to this area.
On March 20, 1948, the Party's Central Committee made a decision to join the Working Committee and relocate to the North China region. On March 23rd, under the leadership of Mao Tse-tung, Chou En-lai and Ren Bishi, the Central Committee crossed the Yellow River at Chuankou in Shanxi Province's Wupu county Shanxiand headed east to Xibaipo, leaving the Shanbei Revolutionary Base where they had worked and lived for 13 years. On March 24th, they arrived at the stationing location of the Working Committee's rear office, i.e. Shuangta village in Shanxi Province's Lin county.
On April 11th, they arrived at the posts of Shanxi-Chaha’er-Hebei Military Regional Command, located at Chengnan village in Fuping county. On April 23rd, Chou En-lai and Ren Bishi, leading an advance group, arrived at Xibaipo and finally successfully joined up with the Working Committee. On May 1st, the Central Committee started its operations in Xibaipo, while the
operations of the Party's Front Office, Working Committee and Rear Office were all simultaneously discharged.
Because Mao Tse-tung was preparing for negotiations to be held in the USSR at the time, he remained in Fuping awhile and arrived in Xibaipo on May 26th. By then, the Central Committee's five Secretary-Generals had finally reunited in Xibaipo after one year of separation. The reunion marked the successful completion of the strategic relocation organized by the Central Committee. Now, Xibaipo became the leadership nucleus for the Chinese revolution.
On March 23, 1949, the headquarters of the Party's Central Committee, the Military Central Committee and the Chinese People's Liberation Army set off from Xibaipo and advanced towards Beiping. Prior to departure, Mao Tse-tung collected all cadres and security personnel within the Central Committee and reminded them: "We are about to enter Beiping. Our entry into this city should be different from that of Li Zicheng. They became corrupted in Beijing. We Communists will continue our revolutionary activities and construct socialism until the realization of communism."
The Party's Central Committee, though only residing in Xibaipo for ten months, had inscribed a remarkable chapter in China's revolutionary-history books. This period of time saw the sunrise of a new China. Just like Jing Gangshan, Ruijin and Yan’an, Xibaipo became one of the revered sites of the Chinese revolution.
On February 26, 1973, Chou En-lai wrote a inscription for Xibaipo: “Xibaipo is the last rural command center before Chairman Mao and the Party's Central Committee entered Beiping, liberating China. It was in Xibaipo that the Central Committee commanded the Three Major Campaigns and convened the 2nd Plenary Session of the 7th Central Committee”
In 1956 the Hubei provincial government designated the original site of the Central Committee as a historical artifacts preservation unit. Due to the construction of the Hangnan Dam in 1958, the original site was flooded and removed to a hillside to the north of the village. The currently restored buildings were in the central courtyard located to the east of Xibaipo, occupying an area of 16,440 sq m. The restored buildings’ original appearance has been basically preserved.
When the Working Committee started relocating to Xibaipo, there were no surrounding walls. When the Party's Central Committee moved in, 2-m-high earthen walls were built behind the residences of Mao Tse-tung, Liu Shao-chi, Chou En-lai and Ren Bishi, due to security considerations. In addition, air-raid shelters were built on the hillside behind their houses.
Upon entry into the area of the Xibaipo Memorial Museum, you will see a grand Xibaipo Memorial Monument standing amidst lush green cypress and pine trees. The name of the monument, “Xibaipo,” was inscribed by Deng Xiaoping. Comrade Jiang Zemin wrote an inscription during his visit to Xibaipo on September 21, 1991: "Bear in mind the two musts, and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics."
Four major historical scenes were artistically carved in relief around the monument, i.e. the Central Committee's arrival in Xibaipo; the National Land Conference; the Three Major Campaigns; the full meeting of the 2nd Session of the 7th Central Committee; and the entry into Beiping. All these carvings vividly demonstrate the historical contributions made by Xibaipo and the activities undertaken by the Party during that period of time. On either sides of the monument stand the original site of the Party's Central Committee and the Xibaipo Memorial Museum.
On March 11, 1982, the State Council designated the original location of the Party's Central Committee at Xibaipo as a national-level historical artifacts preservation site. Like Jinggang Mountains and Yan’an, Xibaipo is one of the 100 educational bases for patriotism, designated by the Ministry of Publicity and is a well-known memorial site of Chinese revolutionary history.
Now Xibaipo faces the blue ripples of Xibaipo Lake and is nestled against lush green Xibaipo Ridge. The scenery is harmonious, delightful and uniquely charming.
Xibaipo has become a national model work unit for the development of spiritual civilization, and one of the major national scenic sites with a AAAA rating. The former Deputy Premier of the State Council, Mr. Qian Qishen, once described Xibaipo as "a revered revolutionary site and a enchanting tourist site."We all experience ups and downs in our endeavors, and when we turn to Xibaipo, we shall find the path to victory.Xibaipo - a "red tourism" scenic site!
