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第一篇:污水处理厂调查报告及英文
宣化区污水处理厂的调查报告 调查时间:2015-2-21
调查地点:河北省张家口市宣化区污水处理厂
科学处理污水是经济社会发展的迫切要求,也是城镇建设过程中必须面对的现实问题。近年来,县委、县政府高度重视城镇环境卫生整治工作,将这项工作作为改善城镇人居环境,推进城乡统筹发展、构建和谐社会的重要抓手。过去的几年,宣化区在污水处理方面做了大量的工作,取得了一些成效。
宣化区污水处理厂及污水管网工程在2001年经省发展计划委员会立项批复。该项目是国家支持的环境资源保护项目。2004年经国家发展和改革委员会办公厅批复建设,计划总投资6316万元。该工程是处理我们的生活、城镇建设的污水的重要环节,近期日处理污水3万m³,远期日处理污水5万m³。
厂址位于宣化区城区东南5公里处,占地65.2亩;同时建设配套
一、二级污水管网25.8公里,主要是东沙河及南环线截流干管以及部分旧城区管网。污水厂自运行以来,运行稳定,现阶段日进水量1.6万吨,COD、NH3-N等各项污染物指标均达到排放标准。
一、污水处理工业流程 (1)粗格栅间
粗格栅设在进水泵房之前,以去除进厂污水中颗粒较大的杂质,使进水泵安全稳定运行。其设计流量为3325m3/h,此构筑物内的主要设备有回转式格栅。(2)进水泵房
污水从粗格栅间出来就流进进水泵房,泵房结构简单紧凑,选用污水离心潜水泵,据工作人员说该泵具有不堵塞型流道、效率高能耗低的优点,有效处理污水同时还节约了资源,其设计流量为3325m3/h。将初步处理后的污水抽入细格栅间。(3)细格栅间
在细格栅间内安装有机械细格栅、螺旋输送压实机等设备,用来处理小颗粒垃圾,将其过滤出来的垃圾装车匀速到指定位置填埋;其中还在里面同时进行细菌的反硝化,产生泡沫状的相互硝化的产物,之后用鼓风机吹起沉淀的颗粒,防止堆积沙子,从而把土和沙子处理掉。其设计流量为3325m3/h。(4)旋流沉砂池
旋流沉砂池主要设备是砂水分离器,其优点为占地面积小,沉砂效果好,安装使用方便等。设计流量3325 m3/h沉砂池直径4.2m,水深4m。(5)计量设备
沉砂池后有许多仪表,在沉砂池后设置电磁流量计,可以对进厂污水流量进行连续监测,同时设置水质监测仪表,如PH计、温度计、SS计,把测量信号传至中央控制室,防止任何纰漏的出现。(6)厌氧选择池
露天厌氧选择池内有缓慢移动的潜水搅拌器,回流污泥与污水在池中接触、混合反应,可以达到部分除磷作用,并改善活性污泥的性质,还能分离喜氧细菌和厌氧细菌。设计流量1250m3/h,池有效容积3925 m3/h。(7)奥贝尔氧化沟 奥贝尔氧化沟,它为椭圆形钢筋混凝土池,分为2座。每池分为三条环形沟道,污水依次进入外沟道、中沟道及内沟道,最后经中心岛的出水并排入沉淀池配水井。设计流量1250m3/h,每座有效容积11000m3,混合液浓度4.5 g/l,设计水深4.2m,水力停留时间17.6h。
并且奥贝尔氧化沟是整个处理系统的核心部分,其主要功能是使培养、驯化后的活性污泥降解、吸附、凝聚有机物,并通过细菌的作用使悬浮颗粒和溶解颗粒易于沉淀,使出水中的有机物含量降低。
每座氧化沟安装有转碟曝气盘10套,外沟道的溶解氧控制在0.5mg/l,在此同时进行氧化、硝化及反硝化。中间沟道及外沟道溶解氧分别控制在1mg/l和2mg/l,对污水中的有机物进一步氧化,保证出水中的有机物含量达到设计要求。(8)沉淀池
氧化沟处理后的水会排入沉淀池,沉淀池采用辐流式沉淀池,中心进水,周边出水,直径D=38m,共2座。设集配水井二座,经过沉淀后的污水进入接触池。每座沉淀池设周边驱动的全桥式刮吸泥机,沉淀池泥至回流及剩余污泥泵站。设计流量1813m3/h,最大表面负荷0.8 m3/ m2.h,单池池边水深4m,停留时间4.3h.(9)接触池
由于要保证出水的清洁程度达标所以需进行消毒处理,因此设接触池1座:1813 m3/h流量,接触时间30min,有效接触容积1056 m3,有效水深4m。本工程采用二氧化氯消毒方式,负责污水二级出水的接触池加氯。污水的加氯投加点在接触池前端。设计回流1813 m3/h,平均加氯量8 mg/l,单台有效产氯量7.5kg/h。(10)回流及剩余污泥泵房
由于部分水会沉淀出一些污泥,所以回流污泥泵采用潜水轴流泵,剩余污泥的提升采用潜水离心泵,土建结构简单紧凑。回流污泥量1250 m3/h,污泥含水率99.1%。(11)加氯间
本工程采用二氧化氯消毒方式,负责污水二级出水的接触池加氯。污水的加氯投加点在接触池前端。设计回流1813 m3/h,平均加氯量8 mg/l,单台有效产氯量7.5kg/h。
二、污水处理的意义
随着的发展,城市水资源短缺的压力越来越大,追究城市水危机的根本原因,人们越来越认识到,是水的社会循环超出了水的自然循环可承载的范围.因此,只有充分尊重水的自然运动规律,合理地使用水资源,使上游地区的用水循环不影响下游水域的水体功能、社会循环不损害自然循环的客观规律,从而维系或恢复城市乃至流域的良好水环境,才是水资源可持续利用的有效途径.这就要求我们从“取水-输水-用户-排放”的单向开放型的用水模式转变为“节制地取水-输水-用户-再生水”的反馈式循环流程,提高水的利用效率.实现这一重大用水模式的转变,加强污水再生利用是关键.随着科学技术的进步,城市污水已不再是废水,而是一种宝贵的资源.既然是一种资源,就要最大程度的利用.提高城市污水的再生利用率,一是可以减少污染物排放,二是节约了有限的水资源.水利部水资源司副司长程晓冰在由清华大学和中国水网主办的“2010城市水业战略论坛”上发表讲话,他指出,我国水资源短缺,城市缺水问题突出,污水处理回用是战略选择,意义重大.城市污水处理回用在替代清洁水源的同时减少了污水排放量,降低了城市排污负荷,具有水量稳定、输水距离短、制水成本低等特点,可以提供安全可靠的替代水源,是解决城市缺水问题的战略选择.推进污水处理回用工作充分体现了科学发展观以人为本的要求,反映了广大人民群众的迫切愿望,是推进城市化建设的客观需要,是实现水资源合理配置、科学保护、循环利用的重要手段,对建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会意义重大,对我国经济又好又快发展意义重大.三、存在问题
(一)环境卫生基础设施建设比较薄弱。城市管网向农村延伸刚刚起步,宣化区下水道管网尚未形成。
(二)本地城镇污水处理系统还处于发展阶段。
(三)人们环保意识差,不懂得资源保护与可持续性发展的关系,缺乏遏制环境污染的主观能动性,对环境“脏、乱、差”现象习以为常,熟视无睹。所以仍有自然排放的现象存在。
四、存在问题的原因
经过我的研究与对工作人员的询问我们认为造成城镇污水无害化处理难的原因是多方面的,主要有:
(一)重发展,轻环境。先发展后治理观念一些企业中仍是主导观念,在搞经济建设、抓工业发展的过程中,污水处理问题相对滞后。
(二)宣传不到位。政府和社会的宣传力度还不到位,人们意识不到污水处理的难度,水资源浪费严重。
(三)监管力度有纰漏。有关部门的监察还有疏漏,造成有人趁机钻空子,造成水污染。
(四)城镇污水处理设施的建设资金缺口较大。城镇污水处理设施建设属于公益性项目,但公共财政资金投入却十分有限,导致污水处理厂设备落后,处理效率低。
(五)相应的处罚法律法规不够完善。处罚力度不够严导致很多企业无视法律法规,处罚过后依然我行我素,污染环境问题不能完全解决。
(六)缺乏相应的检举方法和奖励措施,公民参与企业污染举报积极性不高。
五、提出建议
针对上述问题我们提出一些建议:
1.强制要求企业设立环境监测部门,对本企业对环境污染进行检测和评估。 2.加大政府资金投入,进一步完善符合国家标准的生活污水处理场所。
3.学习国外先进污水处理技术,引进国外先进污水处理设备,提高污水无害化处理效率。
4.搭建垃圾污水处理设施,建设多元融资平台以解决污水处理厂资金问题。
5.建立完善环境卫生保洁的法律法规和惩处措施,做到政府管理有法可依,企业生产心有所畏。
6.社会和政府加强对公民节水和环保的教育宣传,节水从每一位社会公民做起以达到最好的节水效果。
7.政府设立相应的举报部门和奖赏措施,提高公民参与社会监督的积极性。 8.试行对城市居民生活下水排放收费措施,以此增强居民节水意识。
六、污水处理调查感想 通过这次调查,我学到了很多关于自己专业的知识,而且好多都是课堂上学不到的。我对自己的专业有了新的认识和理解。对自己将来的工作方向有了初步的了解。在这次调查中我遇到很多困难,但是我都努力克服了。在整个过程中我学会了怎么与人交流和沟通,也学会了怎么独立解决问题。
在这次调查中,我了解到污水处理是能源密集型的综合技术。一段时期以来,能耗大、运行费用高一定程度上阻碍了我国城市污水处理厂的建设,建成的一些处理厂也因能耗原因处于停产和半停产状态。在今后相当长的一段时期内,能耗问题将成为城市污水处理的瓶颈。能否解决耗污水厂的能耗问题,合理进行能源分配,已经成为决定污水处理厂运行效益好坏的关键因素。能耗是否较低,也是未来新的污水处理厂可行性分析的决定性因素,开发能效较高的污水处理技术,合理设计及运行污水处理厂,必将是未来污水处理厂设计和运行的必由之路。为此,实施污水处理厂的创新管理模式不失为一条切实可行的道路。水是不可缺少的一部分,是人类生存的必要条件。我国是水资源短缺的国家,地区缺水问题尤为突出。随着经济发展和城镇化进程的加快,水污染问题也越来越严重。切实加强和改进城镇供水、节水和水污染防治工作,促进经济社会的可持续发展,维持生态平衡,已成为社会发展的一项重要举措,也是每个公民应尽的义务,作为一名大学学生,我们更应该从我们自身做起,从点滴做起。
Survey Xuanhua District sewage treatment plant Survey Time: 2015-2-21 Survey Location: Zhangjiakou, Hebei Xuanhua District Wastewater Treatment Plant Science sewage treatment is an urgent requirement of economic and social development, but also practical problems of urban construction proce must face.In recent years, the county government attaches great importance to urban environmental remediation work, will this work for the improvement of urban living environment, promoting urban and rural development, an important starting point to build a harmonious society.Over the past few years, Xuanhua District sewage treatment has done a lot of work and achieved some succe.Xuanhua District sewage treatment plant and sewer network project in 2001 by the Provincial Development Planning commiion approved the project.The project is environmental conservation projects supported by the state.2004 by the Office of the National Development and Reform commiion approved the construction, plans a total investment of 63.16 million yuan.The project is to deal with our lives, an important part of the sewage of towns, the recent sewage treatment 30000 m³, long-term daily treatment 50000 m³.Site is located 5 km southeast of the city of Xuanhua District, covering 65.2 acres;at the same time supporting the construction of one or two 25.8 km sewage pipe network, mainly East River and KSL intercepting pipes and part of the old city pipe network.Since the wastewater treatment plant self-running, stable operation, 16,000 tons of water into the stage day, the pollutant index COD, NH3-N and so have to meet emiion standards.A sewage treatment industrial procees(1)between the coarse grid Coarse grid in the water before pumping stations, sewage into the plant to remove larger particles of impurities, safe and stable operation of the pump intake.The design flow is 3325m3 / h, the main equipment within this structure there are rotary grill.(2)water pumping station Advantages of sewage from between the coarse grid to flow out into the water pumping stations, pumping stations simple and compact structure, the selection of sewage submersible centrifugal pumps, according to the staff said that the pump has not plug-type runner, low efficiency and high energy consumption, while the effective treatment of sewage also saves resources, and its design flow of 3325m3 / h.After the initial treatment of sewage pumped into the fine grid between.(3)between the fine grid Fine grid in the room equipped with a mechanical fine grid, auger compactors and other equipment used to handle small particles of garbage, which was filtered out of the garbage landfill loading uniform to a specified location;which is still inside the bacteria at the same time denitrification, nitrification produce mutual foam product, followed by precipitation of particles blowing blower to prevent the accumulation of sand, so to dispose of the soil and sand.The design flow is 3325m3 / h.(4)cyclone grit chamber The main device is a cyclone grit chamber sand-water separator, the advantage of small size, grit effective, easy to install and so on.Design Flow 3325 m3 / h grit chamber diameter 4.2m, depth of 4m.(5)metering equipment There are many instruments after grit chamber, an electromagnetic flowmeter after grit chamber, sewage flow into the plant can be continuously monitored, and set water quality monitoring instruments, such as PH meter, thermometer, SS meter, the signal transmitted to the central control measure room, to prevent any flaws in.(6)Select the anaerobic pond Anaerobic outdoor pool has a slow-moving selection submersible mixer, return sludge and sewage tank in contact with mixed reactions, can achieve part of the role of phosphorus, and improve the properties of the activated sludge, but also the separation of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria bacteria.Design flow 1250m3 / h, pool effective volume 3925 m3 / h.(7)Orbal oxidation ditch Aubert oxidation ditch, it is elliptical reinforced concrete pool, divided into two.Each pool is divided into three annular channel, turn sewage into the outer channel, the channel and inside the channel, and finally by the center of the island and into the sedimentation tank with water wells.Design flow 1250m3 / h, every seat effective volume 11000m3, the mixture concentration 4.5 g / l, the design depth of 4.2m, HRT 17.6h.Aubert and oxidation ditch is a core part of the entire proceing system, its main function is to make the cultivation of domesticated activated sludge degradation, adsorption, aggregation of organic matter, and through the action of bacteria so that the suspended particles and diolved particles tend to precipitate, resorted to water The organic content is reduced.Each seat is installed oxidation ditch aeration plate spinning disc 10 sets, outside the channel diolved oxygen control in 0.5mg / l, in the meantime oxidation, nitrification and denitrification.The intermediate channel and an outer channel diolved oxygen controlled at 1mg / l and 2mg / l, of organic matter in sewage further oxidation, to ensure the organic content of the effluent to meet the design requirements.(8)sedimentation Water will be discharged into the oxidation ditch treatment after sedimentation tanks, sedimentation tanks using radial flow sedimentation tank, water center, surrounded by water, the diameter D = 38m, a total of two.Set with wells located two blocks, through contact with sewage into the pool after precipitation.Each seat settling ponds located around the drive full-bridge scraping suction machine, sedimentation tank sludge and sludge pumping station to reflux.Design flow 1813m3 / h, maximum surface load 0.8 m3 / m2.h, single-cell pool depth of 4m, the residence time of 4.3h.(9)contact tank To ensure the cleanline of the water due to the standards required to be disinfected so, it set up contact with the cell holder 1: 1813 m3 / h flow rate, contact time 30min, effective contact volume 1056 m3, the effective depth of 4m.This project uses chlorine dioxide disinfection, contact tank responsible for wastewater effluent chlorination.Chlorine dosing point sewage pond in the front contact.Design reflux 1813 m3 / h, the average amount of chlorine 8 mg / l, a single effective yield chlorine 7.5kg / h.(10)reflux and sludge pumping station As part of the water will precipitate some sludge, so the return sludge pump submersible pump, to enhance the use of sludge submersible centrifugal pumps, construction simple and compact structure.Return sludge volume 1250 m3 / h, the sludge moisture content 99.1%.(11)between chlorination This project uses chlorine dioxide disinfection, contact tank responsible for wastewater effluent chlorination.Chlorine dosing point sewage pond in the front contact.Design reflux 1813 m3 / h, the average amount of chlorine 8 mg / l, a single effective yield chlorine 7.5kg / h.Second, the significance of the sewage treatment With the development of urban water shortages increasing preure to pursue the root causes of urban water crisis, it is increasingly recognized that community water cycle beyond the natural cycle of water can carry a range.Therefore, only full respect for the natural movement of water, the rational use of water resources, making water recycling upstream region does not affect the function of water downstream waters, without prejudice to the objective laws of social cycle natural circulation, thereby maintaining or restoring good water environment and the watershed of the city, The effective way is the sustainable use of water resources which requires us from "water-user" into open water unidirectional mode is "sparingly wateruser-recycled water" feedback circulation procees, improve water use efficiency.achieve this major shift patterns of water use and enhance wastewater reuse is the key.With the advancement of science and technology, urban sewage is no longer a waste, but a valuable resource.Since is a resource, it is neceary to maximize the utilization.improve urban sewage recycling rate, one can reduce pollutant emiions, and second, to save the limited water resources.Water Division of Water Resources Deputy Director Xiao-ice from Tsinghua Speaking on the university and China Water Network's "2010 Urban Water Sector Strategy Forum", he pointed out that the shortage of water resources in China, urban water shortages highlight, wastewater treatment and reuse is a strategic choice, significant urban wastewater treatment and reuse in Alternative sources of clean water while reducing emiions, reducing the city sewage load, with water stability, water a short distance, low cost of water can provide a safe and reliable alternative water sources, is a strategic choice to solve the city's water shortage Propulsion wastewater treatment and reuse work fully reflects the scientific concept of development is about people's demands, reflecting the urgent desire of the maes, is to promote the urbanization objective need, is an important means to achieve rational allocation of water, scientific conservation, recycling for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society of great significance to China's fast economic growth is significant.Third, there is a problem(A)environmental health infrastructure is weak.Distribution network extends to rural areas has just started, Xuanhua District sewer pipe network has not yet formed.(B)the local municipal wastewater treatment system is still in the development stage.(C)poor awarene of environmental protection, do not know the relationship between conservation and sustainable development of resources, lack of initiative to curb environmental pollution to the environment "dirty, chaotic, and poor" phenomenon for granted, turn a blind eye.Therefore, the existence of the phenomenon are still natural emiions.Fourth, the problem of reason After my research and ask our staff to blame for urban sewage treatment and disposal difficult for many reasons, including:(A)re-development, light environment.After the first few companies in the development of the concept of governance is still the dominant idea in economic construction, caught in the proce of industrial development, sewage treatment is lagging behind.(B)the publicity is not in place.Propaganda of the government and the society is not in place, people are not aware of the difficulty of sewage treatment, water waste.(C)supervision flawed.There are omiions surveillance departments, resulting in people taking advantage of a loophole, causing water pollution.Construction funds(four)of urban sewage treatment facilities gap larger.Urban sewage treatment facilities are public projects, public financial investment is very limited, leading to the sewage treatment plant equipment behind, low proceing efficiency.(E)the appropriate punishment laws is inadequate.Strict punishment is not enough cause many companies ignore the law and regulations, after the punishment is still its own way, can not completely solve the problem of environmental pollution.(Vi)lack of appropriate methods and incentives to report, citizen participation enterprise reporting pollution are not enthusiastic.Fifth, make recommendations To solve these problems we propose some suggestions: 1.force businees to set up environmental monitoring department of the enterprise for the detection and aement of environmental pollution.2.increase government funding to further improve the sewage disposal sites in line with national standards.3.Learn the advanced wastewater treatment technology, the introduction of foreign advanced sewage treatment equipment to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment and disposal.4.to build waste water treatment facilities, the construction of multi-financing platform to solve the financial problems of sewage treatment plants.5.Establish and improve environmental sanitation in the laws, regulations and punishment measures, so that government law, the production heart and fear.6.Government to strengthen the social and civic education and promotion of water-saving and environmentally friendly, water-saving society from every citizen to start saving in order to achieve the best results.7.The government set up the appropriate reporting department and reward measures to increase citizen participation in social monitoring initiative.8.Trial of urban residents living water emiions charges measures in order to enhance awarene of water conservation residents.Six sewage treatment survey feelings Through this investigation, I learned a lot about their own profeional knowledge, but many are le than the claroom.I myself have a new profeional knowledge and understanding.The future direction of their work have a preliminary understanding.In this survey, I encountered many difficulties, but I try to overcome.Throughout the proce, I learned how to communicate with people and communication, but also learned how to solve problems independently.In this investigation, I learned that sewage treatment is a comprehensive technical energy intensive.Over the years, energy consumption, operating costs hindered the construction of urban sewage treatment plants to some extent high, built of some treatment plants is also due to the reason in the cut consumption and semi-shutdown state.In the future for a long period of time, energy iues will become the bottleneck of urban sewage treatment.Can solve the energy consumption of the wastewater treatment plant problems, make reasonable energy distribution, sewage treatment plant has been decided to run benefit the quality of the key factors.Energy consumption is low, the decisive factor is the future of a new sewage treatment plant feasibility analysis, develop a high energy efficiency of sewage treatment technology, reasonable design and operation of sewage treatment plants, sewage treatment plants is bound to be the future design and operation of the only way.To this end, the implementation of the sewage treatment plant management model innovation may well be a feasible way.Water is an indispensable part, is a neceary condition for human survival.Ours is a shortage of water resources at national, regional water shortage is particularly prominent.With the rapid economic development and urbanization, and water pollution problems are more serious.Strengthen and improve urban water supply, water conservation and water pollution control work to promote sustainable economic and social development, to maintain ecological balance, has become an important measure of social development, but also the obligation of every citizen, as a university students, we should start from ourselves, from scratch.
第二篇:英语调查报告
本课题“英语作文常错词汇及表达纠正策略实施方案”从9月份开始申请立项,10月份确认立项,至今已有4个月有余。从筹备期到实施的过程中,有收获,也有不足,下面我将对过去的小课题研究过程进行阶段性总结,以便对接下来的研究提出有益的指导和展望。
一,本阶段小课题研究内容和完成情况
1.对同学们在平常写作中出现的词汇和表达错误进行收集。在过去的几个月里,我教的高二27,28两个班,共完成15次任务型写作。批阅之后,我对其分别作了记录和整理。
2.对同学们在这15次写作中出现的词汇和表达错误进行分析和归纳整理。总体来说,同学们所犯的词汇和表达错误都有一定的规律性。我根据词性和语境大致将其分为六个大类,每个大类又都各自包含若干个小类。
3.将这些错误编辑成高考必考题型-短文改错,以这种形式的练习使学生强化对自己所犯错误的认识。在过去的几个月,学生们总计完成短文改错5篇。学生们反映,这一做法,不仅有利于他们作文水平的提高,而且也有助于他们尽快适应高考新题型-短文改错。知道高考增加新题型之后,我们很快调整了平时训练的方向。但由于接触时间不长,老师们和同学们对短文改错这一新题型的理解和认识都不深。这种让同学们自己犯的错自己改正的方式,也误打误撞的适应了新的高考题型,这也是本小课题立项之初,我自己也始料未及的事。
二,研究过程中出现的问题。
1.资料收集过程中,由于学生水平的差距,和我自己一个人时间和精力的有限,很难将所有学生的词汇和表达错误进行收集,这也使得小课题的资料收集没有立项之初预想的那么充足和完整。
2.资料整理过程中,对于众多的词汇和表达错误,没有一个更加科学合理,更加系统的分类方法。虽然,我自己根据我自己的理解,将同学们的词汇和表达错误进行了分类整理,但同学们对于我的分类也不是完全的认同,以至于,也有一些学生没有很理想的领会我的意思。传达的效果,没有之前预期的那样理想。
3. 资料的分析过程中,缺少对错误出现原因的分析和讲解。在本课题立项之初,对于同学们常犯的词汇和表达错误出现的原因的分析,是预想的重要任务之一。小课题研究开始至今,对于这方面的研究甚是欠缺,只是简单地罗列和整理错误,修改之后没有认真科学的对其产生的原因进行分析和讲解,这是本阶段小课题研究的一个重大失误。
4.反馈练习过程中,学生们虽然很喜欢改自己的错误,但有些同学所犯的错误太不具有代表性,所以很难将所有的整理出来的错误很好的做成反馈练习。
三,协议阶段的改进和设想
1.下一阶段,对于学生们常犯词汇和表达的错误的收集,必须要有个改进。过去的这段时期,主要是学生们进行写作,我负责批阅和收集学生的词汇和表达错误。下一阶段,我将会指导学生自己发现或者相互发现(小组或两人互换)词汇和表达错误,并将其进行收集。这样,一方面为我省去了很多时间,另一方面也检测学生们对自己所犯的词汇和表达错误的敏感度,是个提升能力的良策。同时,我认为,小组修改应该是个不错的选择,这样同学们不但可以相互提升,还会增加学生们对于写作和修改作文的兴趣,不至于使学生厌烦甚至恐惧写作。
2.对于资料的分类和整理,下一阶段,我计划使其分类更加精细,更加全面,更加贴近学生们的理解和认识。网络是个神奇的资料库,对于词汇的分类,网络上也是五花八门。有了上一阶段的经验和教训,参考网络上的经验,加上多多和身边的同事教师进行交流和研讨,我相信会有一个更加科学合理,并且贴近学生的分类方法。
3.对于学生们常犯的词汇和表达错误出现的原因,进行系统的分析,并形成系统的理论,使学生们从根本上理解错误出现的原因,以便在以后的写作中尽量避免再次出现,在以后的短文改错中更加敏感的识别错误。
4.对于反馈练习的形式,短文改错的形式当然还会继续沿用,但仅此一种形式,未免枯燥无聊。练习形式的多样化也是本课题下一阶段的任务。本课题研究的下一个阶段,不仅要使反馈练习的形式,更加多样化,而且,反馈练习也必须追求高效性和实用性。形式固然重要,更重要的是能让学生更容易掌握。
5.本课题预期效果:(1)学生们对写作产生更加浓厚的兴趣;(2)学生们的写作水平有比较理想的提高;(3)学生们对短文改错这一新题型,更加有信心。
6.本课题的呈现形式:
成果主件(调查报告):
《关于英语作文常错词汇和表达的研究》结题报告
成果附件(教育随笔,观察日记等)
第三篇:英语调查报告
一、商务英语专业培养目标:
本专业坚持“重基础、重实践、重创新、重文化”的人才培养思想,利用学院英语学科优势,依托大学经济学、管理学等财经类强势学科资源,坚持“英语+商务+人文素养”办学特色,以英语与商务有机交叉融合为核心,以国际贸易英语和国际金融英语为特色,要求学生掌握国际金融、国际贸易、人力资源管理、市场营销、商务谈判、商务沟通等基本理论和基础知识,具有很强的英语语言交际能力和从事国际商务工作的必备能力。本专业不同于传统的英语专业,旨在培养既有扎实的英语知识与技能,又有丰富的经济、管理、国际商务专业知识,同时具有国际视野和跨文化沟通交流能力的高素质复合型应用型商务英语专门人才。
专业要求:
1、熟练掌握本专业所必须的基本理论、基本知识和基本技能,具有较强的涉外语言文字表达能力、社会调研能力、市场分析能力、解决实际问题的能力和协助领导决策的能力、能熟练应用计算机及其他现代化办公设备进行信息收集、分析、营销策划、接发电函、填制相关单据等;
2、具有商务英语实际操作和处理涉外机关、企业日常商务活动能力;在经济来往中能胜任文本翻译、随行翻译和交替翻译;能够在企事业单位和涉外单位从事管理工作和项目策划工作,能从事谈判、业务开发等工作,并能向部门主管、市场开拓等方向发展。
二、商务英语专业方向:
1 、国际贸易实务方向
本专业方向掌握商务英语专业所必需的基础理论知识和专业知识,具备较强的英语应用技能及商业运作能力,能从事商务与秘书工作的高等应用型人才。该专业由英语语言能力、商务运作能力和计算机应用技术三个技能模块构建成整个教学计划的核心,就业前景乐观。2 、国际商务管理及秘书方向
本专业方向掌握商务英语专业所必需的基础理论知识和专业知识,具备较强的英语应用技能及商业运作能力,能从事商务管理与项目策划工作的高等应用型人才。该专业学生毕业后掌握商务运作的知识与技能,能熟练运用英语和计算机从事国际商务及秘书工作。3 、会展英语方向
本专业方向掌握会展与广告设计基本理论和知识 、具备会展设计规划和运用计算机进行艺术创造设计的实用型高级专业人才。学生毕业后能从事国际、国内各种会展的组织与策划、会展翻译、会展协调与服务、外事办公等工作。
三、企业商务英语专业人才队伍现状:
随着社会的发展和我国市场经济的不断完善,不仅是外资企业、 民营企业还是国有企业 都在开发海外市场或存在发展意向, 商务英语已经渗入到各种各样的企业里, 但企业内商务英语专业人才无论是在数量上、层次结构及专业素质上都还存在许多不足。
1、人才总量需求不断增长,商务英语人才需求增长较快 随着我国经济的持续高速发展, 我国各种体制的企业数量也快速增长, 使得我国人才总量需 求也稳步增长。中国入世以来,
极大地拓展了商务英语的发展空间,上万家企业拥有自营进 出口权,商务英语专业人才炙手可热,就业前景十分广阔。目前,无论大型三资企业,还是 国营、民营中小企业都存在开拓海外市场、参与商务英语的行为和意图,越来越多的专业商 务英语人才如单证员、报关员、外销员等都将走俏职场。
2、企业国贸人才素质继续提高,人才层次出现新的变化 通过本次调查发现,商务英语人才素质在不断提高,人才层次结构出现新的变化,进一步呈 现重实际操作、年轻化的趋势。调查还表明,同国有企业单位相比,非公有制经济中商务英 语人才队伍的重实际操作、年轻化的优势更加明显,高层次商务英语人才队伍逐步壮大。
四、企业对商务英语专业人才的素质要求:
职业(岗位)能力要求:
1.具备良好的思想品德、身心素质和一定的人文素养,具有创新能力和学习能力;
2.具有较扎实的英语听、说、读、写、译能力,并能以英语作为工作语言进行商务活动;
3.能根据国家的有关经济工作的方针、政策、法令、规章正确处理经营活动中政策性问题;
4.具有单独处理外贸业务各环节各部门的决策与分析、沟通与协调能力;
5.具有签订和履行外贸合同、制作外贸单证和审单以及进出口商品报关的能力;
6.具备使用办公自动化软件能力,能处理办公室日常事务。
职业(岗位)知识要求 :
1、专业面要进一步拓宽, 要有一定的市场营销、 信息资源管理、 办公自动化等专业基础知识。
2、系统、实用的英语语言基础知识:语音语调正确,语法概念清楚,语言基础知识扎实,能用英文 书写商务函电及其它应用文;
3、国际贸易理论及进出口贸易实务,较为系统的市场营销、经营管理、市场经济法规、海关法规、 报关实务等相关的商务知识;
4、计算机的基本知识与操作,现代办公设备及软件的操作;
5、良好的文化修养,心理素质及一定的美学修养。
6、介绍最新的商务英语发展动态和外贸业务新方法。
7、加强英语口语、听力等基础课程教学和计算机应用能力的培养。
五、商务英语专业就业前景:
入世后,经济全球化、市场国际化的进一步深化,各个领域都离不开英语人才,尤其是既懂商业贸易、市场营销、经济管理,又精通英语的复合型人才更是紧缺,商贸英语人才 已成为各行业、各领域的骨干人才、通用人才。 目前英语已经成为事实上的国际通用语言。 很多国家和地区都将英 语指定为官方交流语言。在世界性国际会议、论坛和学术研讨会,在国际商务谈判和国际商贸合同文本,在外资企业或合资企业工作中,英语已成为重要的交流工具。随着世界经济一体化的迅速发展,特别是我国加入 WTO 以后,以及 2008 年北京奥运会的开办,我国更加广泛融入国际社会,与世界各国在政治、经济、文化等领域的交流活动日益频繁,与英语专业有关的行业如外贸、外交、海关、旅游、管理等涉外工作部门 获得前所未有的发展契机,使得我国对英语人才的需求数量越来越大。 据劳动人事部统计,
英语专业毕业生的就业率一直在各专业中居于前 10 位。即使在近年来大学生就业 普遍不景气的情况下,大多数院校英语专业毕业生的就业率仍然保持 90%以上,就业前景乐观。毕业生在走上工作岗位后,大都能发挥他们的外语优势,受到学校、外事部门、 公司企业等用人部门的重视和欢迎 。随着中国经济发展进一步加快,中国和世界的联系也会加强,在一个 较长的时期内,英语专业仍会继续 保持自己良好的就业前景。 除了就业,英语专业的学生出国的机会也相对较多。
随着改革开放的进一步深入,中国对外语类人才的需求会与年俱增,就业前景更是非常乐观。更为重要的是,在我国与世界经贸接轨并不断发展的前提下 ,对于外语尤其是英语专业人才的需求不断增长,这包括英语翻译、英语教育、英语日常运用方面的人才 。而且,一方面从师资来源看,各大院校的英语教师在知识水平和教学 综合能力等方面大都是英语专业的 精英;另一方面从教学目标要求看,各大院校在英语教育方面越来越重视学生对于英语实际运用能力的培养和锻炼,毕业后能够尽快适应工作岗位发挥专长,种种因素也在促进 外语专业人才和国际交流类专业人 才需求的不断增长。 经贸及翻译方向毕业生能在国家机关、外事、外贸、外企、各类涉 外金融机构、商务管理公司、专业翻译 机构、出版、新闻、旅游、高级宾馆酒店等部门,承担商务管理、商务翻译、外贸洽谈、经贸文秘、英语编辑、英语记者、驻外商务代理、涉外公关、涉外导游等工作;也可在中学、中专、职高、技校和英语语 言培训中心、大中专院校及科研部门等从事教学和科研工作 除了就业,英语专业的学生出国的机会也相对较多。