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第一篇：孔庙的导游词
各位女士、先生、小朋友，大家好！我叫张玉新，是带领大家参观孔庙的导游。大家可以叫我张导，也可以直接喊我的名字。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我有幸为各位担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家提供满意的服务，不足之处，请批评指正。另外，为了避免发生意外，给大家提几点要求：
一要守时，不要让大家等你自己。
二要注意安全，小心地滑。
三要讲究卫生，爱护环境。
四要注意保护文物，不要乱涂乱画。好，下面就请大家跟我游览孔庙。
孔庙是我国历代封建王朝祭祀孔子的庙宇，位于曲阜城中央。它是一组具有东方建筑特色、规模宏大、气势雄伟的古代建筑群。与故宫和避暑山庄并称为中国三大古建筑群。
孔庙又名“至圣庙”，这是对孔子最高的.称呼。
请大家跟我进入“圣时门”，这是孔庙的正门。圣时，比喻孔子的思想是适合时代的。
大家请看前面三架拱桥，因“壅水环绕如璧”，故名“璧水桥”。故宫有金水桥，此有璧水桥。
我们经过弘道门、大中门、同文门就到了奎文阁。奎文阁是孔庙的主体建筑之一，以藏书丰富，建筑独特而驰名。现在这里是个小书店，喜欢读书的朋友可以去买书。现在自由活动十分钟，然后我们去大成殿。
现在我们看到的就是大成殿。大成殿重檐九脊，黄瓦飞甍，雕梁画栋，气势雄伟。大成殿四周廊下环立着28根石雕龙柱。最为引人瞩目的是前檐的10根深浮雕龙柱，每柱二龙对翔，盘绕升腾，中刻宝珠，雕刻玲珑剔透，龙姿栩栩如生，无一雷同，堪称我国石刻艺术中的瑰宝，充分显示了我国劳动人民的聪明才智。大成殿内金碧辉煌，有大型神龛9座，17座塑像，居中的一座即是孔子。大成殿前露台过去是祭孔时舞蹈奏乐的地方。大成殿是孔庙的主殿，和故宫太和殿、岱庙宋天贶殿并称东方三大殿。
好了，孔庙就参观到这里，朋友们可以拍照留念，然后去参观孔府。欢迎朋友们再来！再见！
第二篇：北京雍和宫景点导游词
在东路的南部称为连房，是喇嘛学僧们的起居住所。在其北面是东书院，是古朴典雅的园林式建筑，相传东书院内的如意室就是乾隆皇帝的出生地。西路曾是雍和宫的佛教护法关帝的庙宇。大家可能奇怪，关老爷是武财神，怎么变成了佛门的护法了，其实《三国演义》里有一章玉泉山上关公显圣，讲出了前因后果：说的是关羽被孙权大将吕蒙活捉后，孙权本欲劝降，但他的手下谋士说不可，说想当年曹孟德三日一大宴五日一小宴，关羽不也是过五关斩六将而去吗?孙权听到此，就命人将关羽斩首并将其头高悬城楼以灭蜀国士气。但是关羽死后公一魂不散，魂灵荡荡悠悠飘至荆门玉泉山，山上有一老僧，法名普净，原是汜水关镇国寺中住持，当年关羽过五关时，曾在汜水关险些被害，正是这位普净长老搭救，后来长老因救关羽而躲难云游天下，来到这个玉泉山，结草为庵，每日与诸徒讲经论道。一天半夜，长老正在庵中默坐，忽闻空中有人大呼，还我头来!还我头来!普净仰面观看，见只关公魂灵飘荡在此。就以手中佛尘点指：云长安在。关公认出长老，说：向蒙相救，铭感不忘，今关某遇祸而死，愿求教诲，指点迷途。普净说：昔非今是，一切休论，后果前因，彼此不爽。今将军为吕蒙所害，大呼还我头来，然则颜良、文丑、五关六将等众人之头，又将向谁索耶?于是关公恍然大悟，稽首皈依成为佛门的护法尊神。
雍和宫坐落在东城区，占地大约100亩，是北京地区现存最大的藏传佛教格鲁派寺庙，清朝时曾是皇家寺庙，是全国喇嘛是务的中枢。它的前身却是清朝入关后的第三代皇帝雍正即位前的王府。雍正登基后迁入皇宫，将原来居住的王府改为行宫，赐名雍和宫。清乾隆九年，即公元1744年，乾隆皇帝钦派他的同窗好友三世章嘉活佛把雍和宫改建为藏传佛教寺庙。改庙的原因主要有三个：一是为崇奉和缅怀生前信奉喇嘛教的先帝雍正;二是乾隆本人笃信藏密;三是为治国定边，对蒙古和西藏表示怀柔之道。地处我国西、北部边疆的蒙、藏两大民族信仰藏传佛教，因此可以雍和宫为纽带，加强朝廷与蒙、藏人民的感情沟通，维护国家统一，这也是最重要、最根本的原因。也正是基于此，雍和宫显现出两个鲜明的特点：一是随处体现加强民族团结、维护国家统一的纽带作用;二是藏汉民族文化艺术的融汇。
第三篇：孔庙的导游词
尊敬的客人：
你好！受旅游接待部委托，我热烈欢迎来到著名城市曲阜的嘉宾。我很幸运能陪同你的导游。我很高兴。这是我们一起欣赏和学习的好机会。请在阅读后留下有价值的意见。
首先，简要介绍曲阜的历史文物概况。
历史文化名城曲阜是我国古代伟大的思想家、教育家、政治家、文献整理家、世之圣人孔子的家乡，亚圣孟子的故里，中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝的诞生地，炎帝的首都，商殷故国，鲁国首都。这里有四位三皇五帝生息劳作，有5000多年的历史。地下有丰富的宝藏，地上有许多文物。现有文物112处，包括联合国保护单位、世界文化遗产3处、国家保护4处、省级保护12处等。
三孔两庙一陵、三山二林一寺是重中之重。孔庙、孔府、孔林，俗称三孔，有祭祀中国元圣周公的寺庙，有祭祀孔子最大弟子复圣颜回的寺庙，俗称两庙；一陵是黄帝诞生地――寿丘少昊陵；三山；孔子出生地尼山、汉墓群九龙山、小泰山-九仙山(又称九山)。二林是:世界上教育孩子最好的母亲孟母林，孔子父母埋葬的梁公林；一寺是李白、杜甫写诗、答对、分手的地方，著名文人孔尚任隐居的国家园林石门寺。
现在看孔庙。
孔庙，又称圣庙，是祭祀孔子及其妻子齐官氏和72位圣人的地方。孔庙与北京故宫、河北承德避暑胜地一起，被称为中国三大古建筑群。专家们对孔庙说了四句话：建筑时间最长、最宏大、保存最完整、东方建筑特色最突出。孔庙可以看出两个问题：一是孔子对中国乃至东方文化的巨大贡献；第二，中国在历史上有熟练的工匠。
孔庙建于公元前478年，孔子去世第二年。在孔子故居建庙三间，展示孔子的衣服、车、书等，岁时奉献。历代皇帝对孔庙进行了扩建，计大修15次，中修31次，小修数百次。孔庙模仿宫殿建筑系统，分为三种布局，九种庭院，共有466栋房屋，54个门亭，东西相对贯穿中轴线，碑近1000元，占地327.5亩，长达2华里150米。现在看到的孔庙是明弘治时期.规模。解放后，国家多次拨款维修保护。1994年12月，中国首批公布的国家重点文物保护单位被列入世界文化遗产，成为联合国保护的文物单位。孔庙建筑时间长，规模大，保存完好。
神道。古柏苍劲的这段路，万钧宫墙，就是神道。重要的庙宇前有专门的尊重灵通之道，称为神道。
万仞宫墙。这扇门是曲阜明城正南门，也是孔庙的第一扇门，上面挂着万人宫墙四个隆皇帝的御笔。来自孔子得意弟子贡。鲁国大会诸侯时，有人提出子贡的知识博大精深，可以和孔子相比。子贡在场，马上站起来说，我不敢和老师孔子比。人的知识就像一堵墙。我的墙只有一个高度，我老师的墙有很多。也就是说，我的知识等于肩膀和头很高，一眼就不深奥；孔子的知识是我的几倍。经过详细的研究和全面的讨论，我们可以理解他的一切。进门后，我们可以看到寺庙的美丽，你在门外看不到。为了形容孔子的深厚知识，后人将孔子封为天下文官，历代帝王师，从夫子的墙数到百人、千人，从明朝皇帝封孔子。封孔子的知识有万人，赞美孔子的知识有一万八英尺。往上看，他看不到顶部。他还说，墙的深壁高度很强。这四个字原本是明钦差写的，乾隆为了表达他对孔子的重视，亲书《万人宫墙》换上了他的御笔。
金声玉振坊。此坊建于明代，为表达孔子学问精湛而完美，如同奏乐的全过程，自始至终完整无缺。古乐以敲钟开始，钟开始开始组织，结束。玉振是钟的声音，称之为结束组织。赞美孔子的知识是先贤先贤的伟大成就，所以称之为金声玉振、金声钟、开始、玉振钟的声音。这也是成语有始有终的来源。明代大书法家胡志宗题定的金声玉振。
二柏担一孔。通过玉振坊这座单孔石拱桥，东西各有一棵古柏，因此被称为二柏担一孔。这座桥的名字叫：盘水桥与行宫旁盘池的水相连，因此演义为盼水。过去读孔孟之书，考上高等院校叫入盼，当官盼高升，做生意盼发财，生活盼繁荣。
下马碑。庙墙外各有一块石碑，公元1191年专门下马碑，下轿碑。西面的纪念碑早早被破坏，东面的纪念碑上写着官员们等到这时才下马。过去，文武官员和普通百姓从此下车步行，以示对孔子和孔庙的尊重。
格星门。明朝建造的，公元1754年重建，由木材改为铁石。格星门是乾隆的御笔。据说天上星系有28宿。其中，有一颗负责文化的星叫格星，又称文曲星和天振星，把孔子和天上管文化的星联系起来，说他是文化中最高的。比如过去祭天，首先要祭文曲星。
太和活力广场。这个广场是明朝公元1544年建造的。孔子的思想非常好，主张太空宇宙可以喂养一切。天地之合，四方之合，阴阳之合，称太和之气是最基本的东西，宇宙之和，人间之气。太和活力是山东巡抚曾铣手书。
至圣庙坊。明代建造的至圣庙坊是汉白玉，上饰火焰宝珠。
德天地，道冠古今。这个院子的东西对比着每个建造一个非常奇怪的拱门，周围是木制的棱角，成千上万的人，下面有八个怪物，叫做龙狮，据说它的威严灵感，可以驱除邪恶，帮助正义。东牌坊书：德天地，说孔子的思想主张给人类的好处就像天高地厚，功德与天地相比。西方牌坊上书道冠古今，赞孔子思想，古今方法都是盖世之冠。
圣时门。三门并列，四道台同上，中央盘龙。这扇门的名字来自孟子。对于四位古代圣人，伯夷、伊尹、柳下惠和孔子，孟子将四位圣人的圣迹归纳为四句话：伯夷圣人的清朝，伊尹圣人的任者，柳下惠圣人的和者，孔子圣人的和者。孔子思想主张圣时经久不衰，是适合时代的.圣人。皇帝来曲阜朝孔做三跪九敲大礼，走圣时门；历代衍圣公出生时，打开圣时门。除了这两种情况，这扇门不容易打开。快走
说孔子取，先见为快。
抬起门。根据颜回赞扬孔子的一段话命名。颜回说，夫子之道，仰之弥高，钻之弥强。赞孔子学问向上看不到顶，叫弥高。学文言文很难理解，叫弥坚。高不是高不可攀的。经过努力，你可以学到它。颜回说:夫子循循环，善诱人，博我以文，说我以礼。我的老师很有说服力，教我文化礼貌。
汉石人。仰高门亭子里有两个历史价值很高的汉石人，一个是亭长(汉代地方小官)，一个是鲁王墓前守卫的。石人受到历代金石学家的重视，对汉代服饰和文字的研究具有重要价值。
孔府是衙门合一、园宅合一的例子
孔庙东侧是孔府，孔子长孙世袭。它建于宋代，经历了不断的扩张，形成了当前的规模。占地200多亩，有480多栋房子。政府和住宅建在一起，是典型的封建贵族庄园，政府大堂用于接受皇帝颁发的圣旨，或处理家庭事务。孔府后院有一个花园，优雅清新，布局独特，堪称园林杰作，也是园宅结合的典范。孔府藏有大量的历史档案、传世文物、历代服饰、器具等，都极其珍贵。
孔林是延续时间最长、保存最完好的家族墓地
孔林，又称圣林，占地3000亩，周地3000亩，周围砖砌的林墙长达14里，是孔子及其后代的家族墓地。穿过石牌坊、石桥、走廊，到达孔子墓前，孔林内柏柏夹道。孔子的坟墓封土高6米，墓东是孔子之子孔鲤和孙子孔吸的坟墓。在孔林中，有些墓前还有华表、石人和石兽。这些都是根据墓中人当时被封爵位的等级设置的，整个孔林延续了2500年，里面有10多万坟墓。它持续时间长，模葬多，保存完好，举世罕见。
游客朋友，孔庙游览结束，谢谢大家，在讲解过程中有什么不足，大家可以指正批评，欢迎家再来孔庙再来曲阜！
第四篇：山东孔庙英文导游词
山东孔庙英文导游词
孔庙是我国历代封建王朝祭祀春秋时期思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的庙宇 。以下是小编带来的山东孔庙英文导游词，希望对你有帮助。
Respect fellow guests:
Hello! I travel, the reception department's request, visits the tour to presence famous city Qufu fellow welcome guests to express warmly welcome. I fortunately accompany the visit for everybody tourguide, is extremely happy, this is we enjoys the study together the good opportunity. After looked please leave behind the valued suggestion.
First, briefly introduces Qufu to everybody the history, the cultural relic survey.
Historical city Qufu was our country ancient times the great thinker, the educationalist, the statesman, the literature entire manages family affairs, sage of Kong Zi's the world hometown, Mencius's native place, Chinese nation's first ancestor shaft Yellow Emperor's birth place, the capital, discussed the Yin native country, the Lu country capital. Three emperors five emperors have four to live the practical training in here, some more than 5,000 years history. Underground has the rich buried treasure, on has the multitudinous cultural relic. Existing cultural relic 112, including the United Nations to protect the unit, world culture inheritance 3, national protection 4, provincial level 12, other for place city level protection.
Heavy center seriously has "a three two temples mausoleum", "a three mountains two forests temple". The Confucian temple, Confucian Residence, Konglin, the popular name "three", have the sacrificial offering China Yuan saint Duke of Zhou's temple, has sacrificial offering Kong Zi first big disciple duplicate saint Yan Hui the temple, the popular name "two temples"; "A mausoleum" is Yellow Emperor is born - - the long-lived earthen mound few mausoleums; "Three mountains"; The Kong Zi place of birth Nepal mountain, Chinese grave group Jiulongshan, small Taishan - - nine (call nine mountains). Two forests are: The world educates the child best mother forest, the Kong Zi parents buries Liang Gonglin; "A temple" is Li Bai, Du Fu writes poetry, responds, bidding good-bye place, famous writer hole still no matter what national botanical garden "Shimen temple".
We now look at the Confucian temple.
Confucian temple, also called to the Confucian temple, is sacrificial offering Kong Zi and its Madame Qi Guanshi and 72 talented people's place. The Confucian temple with Beijing's Imperial Palace, the Hebei Chende city summer vacation mountain village and calls Chinese three big ancient architectural complexes. The expert delivered four speeches to the Confucian temple: The construction time most remote, greatest, the preservation most complete, the Eastern construction characteristic is most prominent. Is worthy of looking at two questions from the Confucian temple: One is Kong Zi to Chinese and even the Eastern culture tremendous contribution; Two is China has the skilled craftsman in the history.
The Confucian temple beginning constructs in 478 B.C., the second year which Kong Zi died constructs the temple. Constructs temple three in the Kong Zi former dwelling, exhibits Kong Zi's clothes, the vehicle, the book and so on, "when year old offers sacrifices". All previous dynasties emperor all has the extension to the Confucian temple, counts overhaul 15, center repairs 31 times, the minor repair several hundred time achieves present the scale. The Confucian temple imitates system of the imperial palace construction, divides three groups layouts, nine courtyards, have altogether had house 466, gate pavilion 54, the thing relatively pass through in an axle wire, has nearly thousand, 327.5 Chinese acres, long amounts to two Chinese miles 150 meters. Now saw the Confucian temple is the bright Hongzhi year scale. After the liberation the country allocates funds to service the protection many times. Our country first batch announcement nation key cultural relic preservation organ, in December, 1994 included the world culture inheritance, becomes cultural relic unit which the United Nations protected, Confucian temple construction time remote, scale great, integrity of the preserved really was the world to be rare.
Shinto. "Wan Rengong wall" front copal vigorous this Duan Luwei "Shinto". In front of the important temple all has the respect quick road which specially opens, is called "Shinto".
Wan Rengong wall. This gate is Qufu Ming Chengzheng the Nanmen, also is the Confucian temple together gate, on hangs "Wan Rengong the wall" four large brush-written Chinese characters, is the clear Emperor Qian Long's imperial brush. It originates from the Kong Zi self-satisfied disciple child tribute. When Lu country congress feudal lord, some people proposed child tribute knowledge broad and profound, may place on a par with Kong Zi, the sub- tribute in the field, stands up immediately said, I may not dare with my Mr./Mrs. Kong Zi compared to, human's knowledge is just like a wall, my this wall only has one high, my teacher's wall has the number to be many. Meant that, my knowledge was equal to a shoulder chief is high, clear not any abstruse; Kong Zi's knowledge has my several fold to be many, passes through the detailed research, the comprehensive discussion, can understand he complete after, crossed the threshold, can see America of the ancestor temple, outside the gate you is blind. The posterity in order to describe Kong Zi's knowledge profound, wall of number from the master , "hundred ", "thousand " seals Kong Zi to the Ming Dynasty emperor is "the world civil official host, all previous dynasties king teacher", seals the Kong Zi knowledge to have "ten thousand ", extols the Kong Zi knowledge to have 10,000 eight feet, upward looked, blind goes against, also said this wall deep wall high rampart is extremely firm. These four characters originally write for the bright imperial envoy, Qian Long for expressed he Kong Zi the value, kissed the book "Wan Rengong the wall" to exchange his imperial brush.
Jin Shengyu inspires the work place. This work place constructs at the Ming Dynasty, is expresses the Kong Zi knowledge exquisite and perfect, is similar to entire process which plays music, the integrity is from beginning to end complete. The ancient music is by strikes a gong the start, the clock gets up "beginning orderliness also", is strikes Qing to come to an end, "the jade inspires" the sound which falls for Qing, was called "end orderliness also", praises Kong Zi's knowledge is the collection first accomplishing of the virtuous sages, therefore called "Jin Shenger the jade inspires also", "the golden sound" the clock sound, the beginning, "the jade inspires" Qing's sound, the end. This also is the management wants "to finish what one starts" the idiom origin. "Jin Shengyu inspires" is the Ming Dynasty storytelling legalist school Hu Zuanzong the topic decides.
"Two cypress take on". Crosses the jade to inspire work place this stone arch bridge, the thing respectively has a copal, therefore the person "two cypress take on". This bridge said that, "泮 the water bridge" the basin water is interlinked with the temporary palace nearby, because the historical novel is "hopes the water". In the past read book of the Confucius and Mencius, tested the institute of higher education to call "to enter hopes", served as an official hopes rises high, made business to hope gets rich, crossed the day to hope prosperously.
Discontinues the tablet. Outside the temple wall the thing respectively sets up a stele, in 1191 specially vertical discontinued the tablet, got down the tablet. The west tablet early destroys, east side on this tablet writes "the official person to discontinue and so on to this". Under in the past the civil and military officials, the common people common people henceforth passed by discontinue on foot but the line, shows to Kong Zi, the Confucian temple respect.
Lattice star gate. The Ming Dynasty constructs, in 1754 repaired, by wooden changed the iron stone. "The lattice star gate" is the Qian Long imperial brush. Hands down the space galaxy "to have the twenty-eight lunar mansions", among, has to govern cultural the star to be called "the lattice star", the other name "Star ", "the day inspires the star", contacts with Kong Zi and the space tube culture star, Shuowen melts the aspect he is highest, if the past offered sacrifice to heaven, needed first to offer a sacrifice to "Star ", had reveres Kong Ruzun the day the view.
Too with vitality work place. This work place was the Ming Dynasty in 1544 constructs, extremely approved Kong Zi's thought, advocated was similar to "the outer space universe to be able to nurture the myriad things. Gathering of the world, gathering of the four directions, gathering of the masculine and feminine elements ", the name" too and "the gas is the most basic thing, the universe too and, vitality of the world. "Too with the vitality" was the Shandong governor once the mill handwritten letter.
To Confucian temple work place. The Ming Dynasty constructs "to the Confucian temple work place", is the white marble, on plays the part of the flame no. 3 gunpowder tea.
German world, Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern. This Daoist temple thing respectively constructs a very unusual memorial arch to the lining, the wooden angle surrounds, thousand first ten thousand continues, gets down has eight , is called "day Long Shenshi", hands down its dignified inspiration, may drive out evilly, is just. East side the memorial arch submits a written statement: "The German world", said Kong Zi's thought advocated is similar to profoundly for humanity's advantage, the merit can compare with the world. The west memorial arch submits a written statement "the Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern", approves the Kong Zi thought, the means ancient and modern all is the unparalleled crown.
When saint gate. Three compound, four circuit intendant all same, central . This naming originates from Mencius, to the ancient times four sages , under Iraqi Yin, the willow tree favored, Kong Zi, Mencius four sages' saint mark inductions is four speeches: clear saint also, Iraqi Yin saint no matter what also, under the willow tree favors sum of the saint also, when Kong Zi saint. "When saint" extremely approves the Kong Zi thought to advocate prolonged does not fade, is sage which suits the time. Emperor comes Qufu "to kowtow the big ritual" towards Kong Yaoxing, walks when the saint gate; All previous dynasties "spread out the saint male" when the birth opens "when the saint the gate", besides these two kind of situations, this not easily opens. All walks the quick G gate, the supine wealthy and prominent family.
The quick G gate, takes considers it a pleasure to be among the first to read meaning. Kong Zi's knowledge "the Five Classics four books", who first studies who first to have the culture, who first studies who first to have the knowledge, struggles the study, to first reads as by the foresight joyfully.
Supine wealthy and prominent family. Praises a Kong Zi's section of speeches naming according to Yan Hui. Yan Hui said that, road of the master, supine makes up high, drills it to make up firmly. Upwardly approves the Kong Zi knowledge blind to go against, calls "to make up high", studies the writings in classical style to be very difficult, calls "to make up firmly", is high is not unattainable, is definitely may learn after the endeavor. Yan Hui said "master however, friendly are attractive, is abundant I by the article, said me by the ritual." My teacher teaches with skill and patience, teaches me by the culture, executes me by the courtesy.
Chinese . In the supine wealthy and prominent family in the alcove has two historical values very high Chinese , is "the pavilion is long", (the Han Dynasty place waiter), dying of the government office gate, all is in front of Lu Wangmu guards. is taken by all previous dynasties inscription on stone tablet and bronze scientist, to studies the Han Dynasty clothing and the writing has the important value.
Liquid gold bridge, this bridge, with Imperial Palace's in front of bridge of the same name, calls the liquid gold bridge, also is called the blue water bridge, three arrangements, the green water ripples.
Great road gate. Crosses the liquid gold bridge is the Ming Dynasty emperor ordered by the emperor personally "the great road gate", takes "Confucian analects" center "the person to be able greatly to say, non- road great person" meaning. Kong Zi is an ordinary writer, why becomes the sage? Approved Kong Zi to summarize first the virtuous sages' experience, especially has brought honor to the Yao and Shun soup, road of the civil and military Duke of Zhou. "The person can greatly say that, said the person can direct creates all, the non- road great person, certainly is not all direction people, this is praises person's subjective initiative." The great road hanger-on had two steles, the east side four tablets is "the Qufu all previous dynasties evolution will" has recorded the Qufu evolution vicissitude history, a Yuan generation of institute stood, the historical data value was very high, the west was "scholar out of government employment gentleman the inscription", had the very high calligraphy value.
Major and medium gate. The major and medium gate is the Song Dynasty Confucian temple front door, was called "center and the gate", Italy for uses Kong Zi's thought processing question all to be possible to be easily solved. The the Ming Dynasty extension temple renames "the major and medium gate", approves Kong Zi's knowledge is accomplishing of the collection humanity knowledge, center, takes "the doctrine of the mean" meaning, "center correct path of the world, theorem of the commonplace world", center the agonic, is commonplace is not easy. Leaves, is not the correct path, has become the evil road, the crooked gate. Is said is not left is not right, the fair correct path, to front is a doctrine of the mean. Major and medium gate thing two have watchtower two is guards the Confucian temple to use.
Same text gate, four big name brands, Confucian temple chart. Enters in the major and medium gate about to have four big tablets. The west bright Hongzhi tablet, says three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues ethics. Right flank the Hongzhi tablet has the the Ming Dynasty talented person Hunan Changsha Li Dongyang to draw up "the Confucian temple chart" the value to be very high.
The Cheng Hua tablet, is the Ming Dynasty Cheng Hua Emperor Zhu Jianshen stands. Some two situations bring to all previous dynasties everybody celebrity's attention. One is the Cheng Hua tablet character writes, the standardization, the standardization well, exquisitely makes the person, the typeface writing technique to have "is world-famous" the evaluation; Two, appraises to Kong Zi high, all previous dynasties emperor all has the comment to Kong Zi, appraises high is Emperor Cheng Hua, he Kong Zi's thought, the means compares with eats meal, puts on the clothes, spends, one day also could not leave, had Kong Zi's truth and the means, could enable each person to develop his talents, thing it used, its strength, otherwise messed up. Said has road of the Kong Zi to have the world, road of the Kong Zi has not had the world, road of the counter- Kong Zi loses the world. If the inscribed text stated that, "Road of the my only Kong Zi, the world on first cannot not have , has road of the Kong Zi then the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues but ethics is just bright, the myriad things take their proper place.. Road of the Kong Zi in the world like cloth , the livelihood of the people daily expense cannot be left vacant for the time being.. Inborn Kong Zi vertical is the saint, lives in the peaceful good justice and humanity, the teacher road emerges, from swims 3000, is continues."
Same text gate. Takes "the person concentriily" meaning of the character same text. Is says works with concerted efforts, unites as one the only then competent good deed industry; The writing must unify, has the unification the writing to be able to record the historical dissemination experience, makes the character to be able at will to mess up. The same text gate is the Kuiwen Geqian important barrier.
The Kui article Chinese style pavilion, originally is a library, is the collection books place. Constructed to Song Tianxi two years (in 1018), Jin Zhangzong repaired when changed "the Kui article Chinese style pavilion". This unique grand construction, completely is the lignin structure, calls the orphaned example in the Chinese building construction. After several earthquakes, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion has not shaken destroys. The clear Kanghsi 5 years earthquake "ten houses but actually have nine, saving has one, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion is gorgeously motionless". The the Ming Dynasty board of personnel Shangshu Li Dongyang has specially written "Kuiwen Gefu", approves Kuiwen Ge the construction research value. Is under the porch eastern end this tablet.
In front of the pavilion this thing two courtyards stated that, "The room sleeps", is place which the sacrificial offering personnel fasts, to bathe. East the courtyard is spreads out the saint male room to sleep the institute, clear Kanghsi, Qian Long offers a sacrifice to when the hole all sleeps in the east room washes the hands and face. West the courtyard is from offers a sacrifice to personnel's room to sleep. Kong Zi 71 generation of Sun Kongzhao fumigates the temple in Song, Yuan, is bright, the clear five dynasty does obeisance the Confucian temple tablet more than 130 centralisms to mount in the courtyard wall, therefore west the room sleeps calls the tablet courtyard.
13 tablets pavilions. This is the Confucian temple sixth enters the courtyard, in the pavilion stands has 55 tablets, is Tang, Song, the gold, Yuan, bright, clear and so on the dynasty stands, its content all is emperor, the imperial envoy does obeisance the hole, to Kong Zi , the appraisal, successively repairs the Confucian temple the record, has the Chinese, is full, Mongolia, eight thinks writing and so on Pakistan article. South north eights five, therefore calls 13 tablets pavilions, because all is authorizes the vertical tablet by emperor, therefore calls the imperial tablet pavilion. East gets up the front row third, 62 alcoves is the Jin Dynasty constructs, is construction which our country extant cannot be seen. Every is seeks with P the edict reason all calls "the imperial tablet". "P pen Qiang is auspicious, fable Dragon King has nine, it is 8th, it loves" the article ", is good at carrying a heavy load, the stele has the writing but heavily to suit its characteristic, the image should for the main item, the turtle body, the hawk leg, the snake tail.
North east gets up this third alcove is Emperor Kanghsi the vertical tablet. The Beijing Xishan picks the stone passes through Grand Canal, south the economy transports here. The expert calculates this tablet 130,000 catty heavy, along the way sprinkled the hydrogel from Jining, slid on the ice, sometimes one day only walked lies place of the cow. The Qufu book has the stone not to use, must ship in from Beijing, shows emperor to Kong Zi the value. Southeast this courtyard, west Namhkok has a piece all is nobles and ministers repairs the temple, does obeisance the hole the record, the calligraphy value is very high.
This courtyard thing respectively has to the lining, east is "the Yu essence gate", west is "the view Germany gate". Is named , the Xihua gate.
The Confucian temple divides into three groups layouts by here, this five, center are together "accomplishes the gate", left side is "the gold 声门", right side is "the jade inspires the gate", again is "opens Confucianism" toward the west, again is "receives Confucianism" toward the east. Accomplishes the gate the construction structure is , manipulates strategically". Middle inserts is "cancels the heart", about four jiao points look carefully go against are "fight the angle". Accomplishes the gate three characters is Emperor Yong Zheng's imperial brush. Approves Kong Zi is the collection sages first virtuous accomplishing, has achieved the supreme boundary.
My deceased teacher plants personally the Chinese juniper. Accomplishes in the gate left side this tall and straight vigorous Chinese juniper tree, is Confucius plants personally. According to record: Kong Zi cut three Chinese junipers trees in here, Jin Zhenyou two years (in 1214) has destroyed to the warfare, the tree is dry and also sends new, once "three dry three glory", had "the Chinese juniper tree date cyclopentadiene Kong date was popular" the view. During bright ten thousand all previous years talented person Yang Guang taught the topic to write "my deceased teacher to plant personally the Chinese juniper" five large brush-written Chinese characters.
Two corridors. During these two sides coordinated two row of houses, altogether 80, were called "the thing ", consecrates 72 talented people's places. Kong Zi is known as disciple 3000, the body passes 72 people which the six arts skilleds with both the pen and sword, consecrates in the thing . All previous dynasties kings all have seal match enjoy virtuously first. If Dong Zhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Ming are positive, Zhuge Liang, the invader, Yue Fei and so on. Has sealed to to 156. Last first virtuous is Mr. Liang Qichao. The original cast, the memorial tablet, latter all changes the wooden memorial tablet. The thing present exhibited is the collection Song Dynasty before center expensive carved stone. Duke of Zhou trains one's son, the bat practices medicine and so on, the most precious national treasure has Chinese Wei to face stele carving 22 especially high, the calligraphy value "the sacrificial vessel tablet", "the second grade beautiful jade tablet", "Shi Chenbei", Zhang Menglong the tablet ", Mi Fubei" and so on all is the rare valuable thing. West 庑 exhibited more than 100 blocks "the Chinese to draw the carved stone", all was for a long time has the great reputation the artistic valuable thing, was studies the Chinese, Wei and so on the history social life rare precious material. East northmost part is exhibiting 584 carved stone, is jade rainbow Lou Fatie which Kong Zi 69 generation of Sun Kongji writes.
Place where Confucius lectured. This is for commemorates Kong Zi to lecture constructs. Kong Zi initially was under the big apricot tree lectures in the local station for the disciples. When Song Dynasty in 1018, the Kong Zi 45 generation of passageways auxiliary edited the Confucian temple, after moved the extension the main hall, constructed the pavilion in the main hall former site, the link plants by the apricot, the name says "the place where Confucius lectured". The place where Confucius lectured two characters, are the Jin Dynasty famous writer party bosom England seal scripts. In the pavilion has Emperor Qian Long the imperial brush "the place where Confucius lectured to approve", this is he first time comes Qufu to write. Qian Long writes the plaque, the antithetical couplet, the scroll which writes and so on in Qufu has 50 place.
Accomplishes the palace. This is the Confucian temple , it with Beijing's Imperial Palace too with palace, the Tai'an day palace and calls the East three big constructions, also calls the East three main halls. What the value high history is long accomplishes the palace. Palace height 24.8 meters, extravagant 45.7 meters, deep 24.89 meters. Four has 28 the dragon column which carves with the entire stone, the exquisite workmanship, the attainments is very deep. Especially the palace 10 deep reliefs roll the dragon column actually world rarely, 10 pillars 20 dragons, about to fly in circles, the ascension coils around a play bead, the manner respectively differently, does not have one identically, more looked more has moves Italy, on the stone is vividly lifelike. This is the Huizhou artisan's masterpiece. Emperor comes when Qufu faces the hole, Kong Jia all use Huang Lingba long Zhuguo to get up, does not let emperor directly see the dragon column, because has surpassed the throne room, feared emperor is not happy, performs to blame. Other 18 columns are the bas-relief dragon column, surface engraves nine dragons, each pillar eight , 8,972 dragons total carve 1,296 dragons. This is the rare carved stone art treasure. Always looks at accomplishes the palace grand magnificent sight.
Five saints 12 sages. Accomplishes in the palace to consecrate 17 pictures.
Five big sages. Highest sage Kong Zi, Italy is in sage's sage, supreme. Confucius in central, the head wears 12 crowns, wears 12 chapter of kings to take, grasps shakes the jade tablet, dignified is solemn and respectful, causes the person to have profound respect for. Two sides are four match: East side is the duplicate saint face, states the saint to think; The west is ancestor saint Tsengtzu, Mencius. Eastern end six, western end six, called 12 sages, have the child tribute, the sub- road, Ran Qiu and so on 11 Kong Zi's disciple, some is Song Dynasty Zhu Xi, renowned Five Classics four books explanations good, is sealed as the sage. "The people has not had" the plaque, is Mencius approves Kong Zi, said "the people has not had abundantly to Kong Zi also". Since has had the humanity, but also does not have comprehensively to surpass Kong Zi the person, therefore calls "the people not to have". "The model for all generations" will be the Kanghsi topic writes, seals Kong Zi is "teacher of Emperor the Wan Shi, table of the eternity humanity, emperor's teacher, will make person's model." "Refined is Guang Xu writes in this", Italy for world culture all in here.
Bedroom palace. Consecrates the Kong Zi Madame Qi Guanshi special palace. Is the Confucian temple third big construction. Qi Guanshi the song person (Henan business earthen mound), 19 years old marry Kong Zi, latter gives birth to a boy the hole carp , early the Kong Zi 7 years died, are sealed "highest sage my deceased teacher madame", equally enjoy the sacrificial offering with Kong Zi. Around the bedroom palace on 28 stone columns carves the phoenix, each pillar engraves phoenix 72, is same with the dragon quantity, calls Longfeng to be a good omen.
Saint mark palace. Has recorded Kong Zi's fact by the carved stone picture-and-story book form. Some 120 Wen Tu and the cyclopentadiene carved stone, is the Kong Zi descendant with the the Ming Dynasty governor censor what light management construction. Carves by the Wu county famous picture labor chapter of grass drawing, inlays on the palace inner wall. Is integrity picture-and-story book which the our country first person, the article concurrently has. Has the very high history and the artistic value. The palace frontage "the model for all generations" is the Kanghsi imperial brush, center Kong Zi big Si Guanxiang is the Tang Dynasty big painter Wu line picture. The palace eastern end is Kanghsi faces the hole the imperial tablet, the western end has the Jin synonym painter to attend to picture of the Joy Kong Zi line to teach the picture, the custom called "master 小影" most approach Kong Zi's appearance characteristic. Also has Song Dynasty everybody Mi Fu to approve Kong Zi's small seal script: "Kong Zi Kong Zi big ah Kong Zi, sub- before will already not have Kong Zi, Kong Zi later does not have Kong Zi, Kong Zi Kong Zi big ah Kong Zi". Explicit saying, Kong Zi is great! Unequalled,
The Confucian temple west road is the sacrifice Kong Zi parents' place. His/her father Uncle Liang 纥, mother Yan Zheng in, emperor seals for opens saint Madame Wang Heqi saint Wang, constructs has opens construction and so on saint Wang Dian, bedroom palace, gold thread hall.
The Confucian temple east road, around two parts, the front courtyard is the Kong Zi former dwelling, has "Kong Zhaigu the well", Kong Zi nine generation of Sun Kongfu book collection place "the Lu wall", now saw the Confucian classics, sets up the first-class honor should is "the Lu wall". For commemorated Kong Zi to educate its sub- studies has constructed "the poem assembly hall", Kong Zi said "study the poem did not have by the word, the character ritual did not have stands", Italy could not speak for study the poem, study the ritual did not understand how set up the body matter. In the poem assembly hall has renowned sculptor Mr. Shi Ke to make by cutting imitates the Chinese to draw the carved stone "the saint mark chart". The rear court is honors the saint ancestral hall, five generation of ancestral halls, on sacrificial offering Kong Zi five generation of ancestors' ancestral temples.
Fellow gentlemen, the Confucian temple resembles historical, the knowledge school, because the time is limited, we only looked mainly, I am the distress must introduce. Kong Zi is the sage, also is the great traveling, travels around the row country for 14 years, propagandizes him to practice moral culture, Qi Jia, rules a nation the even world knowledge, has collected the precious material. The concerned sage's vestige are very many, is worth as soon as looking very much. We are together the time although to be short, but the friendship exists forever, hoped each position has the opportunity to come Qufu to go sightseeing again, we certainly serve well.
The Confucian temple saw here, thanks everybody the cooperation, welcome you again.
第五篇：北京导游词
各位游客朋友们：
大家好，今天我们将参观故宫博物院，现在我们所在的位置时故宫的午门前，在进入故宫之前，我先就故宫的情况向大家作个简单介绍。
故宫，又称紫禁城，原为明清两代的皇宫。建于1406-1420年，距今已有580多年的历史了。它是我国现存规模最大、保存最完整的古代皇宫建筑群，1987年被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。
紫禁城这一名称是怎样得来的呢？我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三恒、四象和二十八星宿。三恒是太微恒、紫微恒河天市恒。其中紫微恒居中，是天帝居住的地方，称为“紫宫”。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为人间的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以故宫又被叫做紫禁城。
故宫为北京的城中之城，坐落在北京的中轴线上，背靠景山，面南朝阳。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，由无数房屋、高大的城墙和宽阔的护城河组成。占地面积72万平方米，建筑面积15万平方米，相当于两个标准的足球场那么大。共有宫殿房屋8704间(1973年统计)，这上千座房屋由10米高的'城墙和52米宽的护城河护卫着。
故宫始建于永乐四年(1406)。为营建这座宏伟的建筑群，明成祖朱棣派遣大臣到全国各地采备上好的建筑材料，明代采用上好的楠木，大都取自云、贵、川及两广地区；金砖产自苏州；汉白玉取于北京的房山。在建造过程中，动用工匠23万，民夫百万人。经过十四年的建造，紫禁城终于于永乐十八年(1420年)竣工。永乐十九年元旦，朱棣迁都北京。从此故宫开始成为明清两朝皇帝的生活之所。明代从成祖朱棣到思宗朱由检，共有14位皇帝在此生活起居、治理国家。清代从清世祖福临到逊帝溥仪，共有10位皇帝在紫禁城生活起居和治理国家。
第六篇：曲阜孔庙导游词
孔庙的发展史为我们勾画了一幅中华文化的演变宏图。元光元年(公元前134年)，出于政治因素考虑，董仲舒提出“罢黜百家、独尊儒术”的思想，虽然这使道教文化和佛教文化深受其影响，但仍不能完全消除道教与佛教的地位，取得“独尊”地位。隋唐时期国家统一，儒家文化在经历了长时间的考验后，终于被社会所广泛认同接受，儒家思想开始被大规模的传播与，全国各地的孔庙一也大规模的兴建起来。宋元以来，各朝仍沿袭“独尊儒术”的文化政策，儒家思想的文化价值被一再肯定，越来越多的尊崇谥号追封于孔子，孔庙的建筑规制也被一再提高。除曲阜的孔子本庙，全国各地的设立文庙学宫，文庙学宫的教育功能对隋唐兴起的科举制度起到了承前启后的作用。与孔庙的庙学合一的体制使历代的文人墨客在此接受熏陶，诵读书经，输送培养出无数的学者。隋唐以来，儒学得到大力弘扬，逐渐发展成为了中华民族文化的'主干。孔子的“君君、臣臣、父父、子子”，追求理想化的礼制秩序成为国家厉行教化的根本内涵。国家为了加强政治统治与厉行教化，控制推行着孔庙的祭祀活动。遵循孔子所创，有利于国家建立有序社会，实现封建专制统治。祭祀孔子，乃推崇其所创思想学说。
各地兴建孔庙，从客观上推动了中华民族的融合与统一。历史上全国各地在中央的诏令下都逐渐建设有孔庙。“自唐以来，州县莫不有学，则凡学莫不有先圣之庙。”辽代的上京(今内蒙古巴林左旗南)、中京(今内蒙占宁城西大明城)、西京(今山西省大同)，均设有国子监。其旁所建的孔庙均有按时祭祀先圣孔子的规例。沿袭前朝，金代也在各州郡县设立庙学。元世祖至元十五年云南建立行省后，昆明立孔庙。此后人理、建水、通海、石屏等地也纷纷建介;孔庙。至清末，除了极其边远的・此地区，云南的各州县，都已建立孔庙。孔庙在边远地1火的兴建，极大地推动了当地教育的发展。
儒学的文化财富，是属于整个中华民族的。南北朝时期鲜卑族的北魏孝文帝推行汉化政策，是史载最早在曲阜以外的城镇修建“先圣庙”祭祀孔子的皇帝;金朝的女真族，也世世代代以祭祀孔子为礼制，建立孔庙;蒙古族的元代，在大都(北京)建立孔庙，以空前至高的谥号“大成至圣文宣王”追封孔子。清朝则在东北地区兴建孔庙，并在入主中原之就已经实行祭孔大典。由此可见，孔子是中华各民族所共奉的先圣。儒家文化在两一千多年的漫漫历史长河里，规范了中华民族的道德观，缓和民族矛盾，促进了各民族的团结与融合。
